Salivary Pellicle 2

Question 1

What does the enamel pellicle consist of

Answer 1

mucins 
PRP
statherin 
amylase
lysozyme
lactoferrin 
Ig
GTFs (bacterial)
Glucans (bacterial)

Question 2

what si the pellicle a a prerequisite

Answer 2

bacterial attachement

Question 3

why are some mucin functions

Answer 3

tissue coating

lubrication

Question 4

what is the tissue coating action of mcucins

Answer 4

protective hard/soft tissues
form acquired pellicle
aggregate microbes for removal
conc antimicrobial mols at interface

Question 5

what si the lubrication function of mucin

Answer 5

alight themselves with direction of flow

increase lubricating qualities

Question 6

what is the interaction MG1

Answer 6

attracts some sp
s.sanguinis
s.mitis
actinomyces

Question 7

what si the interactions assc with MG2

Answer 7

attracts MANY bac sp 
s.sanguinis
s.gordonii
E.corrodens
s.aureus

Question 8

what are some features of MG2 and is interaction with bacteria

Answer 8

long protein core with short CHO chain often end in sialic acid
neurmidase cleaves sialic acid expo galactose (bac binding area)

Question 9

what si the antibacterial effect of MG2

Answer 9

proteolytic cleavage of MG2 = peptides kill bac

anti fungal peptides assc

Question 10

what si the proteolytic cleavage

Answer 10

release of peptides nerves from acidic, basic PRPs, statherin and histatns

Question 11

what is special about proline

Answer 11

flexible

Question 12

what are the 3 groups of PRPs

Answer 12

acidic
basic
Glycosylated

Question 13

explain he acidic fam of PRPs

Answer 13

unique to saliva
affinity for HA
antic function

Question 14

explain basic fam of PRPs

Answer 14

in saliva, nasal and bronchial sec

complex with tannic acid

Question 15

what si the gycosylated fam of PRPs Imp for

Answer 15

newly formed pellicle

Question 16

what do PRPs essentially do

Answer 16

stop uncontrollable remineralisation of both by occupy nucleation sites and holding Ca and Phos

Question 17

give an individual who has higher levels of PRp in saliva

Answer 17

caries free

Question 18

does caries present affect qualities of saliva

Answer 18

yes

caries free pt usually antibacterial proteins etc

Question 19

how does the acidic fam of PRP work

Answer 19

bind to HA
conformational change
Terminus expo to receptor

eg A viscosus

Question 20

how does the glycosylated fam of PRPs work

Answer 20

bind to HA

bind to s mutans efficiently

Question 21

PRPs are strong promoters for what

Answer 21

bacterial adhesion

Question 22

what are the terminals of PRPs

Answer 22

amino - control CaPhos

carboxyl - nterctaion with bac

Question 23

what are interactions of PRPs said to be

Answer 23

highly sp

Question 24

what do the interactions of PRPs dept on

Answer 24

proline-glutamie dipeptide

dont inhibit adhesion of bac when in solution

Question 25

what do statherins prevent

Answer 25

primary and secondary CaPhos disposition

Question 26

what si the c terminal of statheirn involved in

Answer 26

binding to pedicle and conformational change

Question 27

what does sthatehrins aid

Answer 27

A viscous and F nucleate bind to HAp

Question 28

what are the bonds in amylase

Answer 28

alpha 1,4 glycosidic bond

Question 29

what is the function of amylase major

Answer 29

digestion starches

Question 30

what are the other features of amylase

Answer 30

essential for formation of pellicle bacterial receptor forme heterotypic mixed micelle like structures

Question 31

what is amylase a bac receptor for

Answer 31

s sanguines and s gorndonii

Question 32

what are glucans

Answer 32

glucose polysaccharides with glucose molesucels joined by (alpha) 1,3/1,6 links

Question 33

in formation of gluons what is the enzyme used

Answer 33

glucosyltransferase

Question 34

what re water soluble glucans

Answer 34

dextrans | (1,6) alpha

Question 35

what are water insoluble glucans

Answer 35

mutans 1,3/1,6 (alpha) links

Question 36

wha is imp about pellicle attached GTFs

Answer 36

in pellicle immobilised enzymes active and prod sticky polysacc binding site for bacteria adhesion

Question 37

what are Ig found in pellicle

Answer 37

IgA | IgG

Question 38

what is the most abundant Ig found in pellicle

Answer 38

IgA2 | shorter hinge resist protease

Question 39

what do the pellicle attached Ig do

Answer 39

inhibit growth & adherence of some sp antiseptic immunise ag s.mutans

Question 40

what are cystatins

Answer 40

inhibitors of cysteine proteases

Question 41

what are cystatins linked to

Answer 41

pellicle formation and remineralisation control of perio disease protect salivary proteins from degardation

Question 42

what are histatins

Answer 42

histidine rich cationic (+ve) peptides

Question 43

what are the main properties of histatins

Answer 43

anti fungal - anticandidal | antibacterial - smutans

Question 44

what are histamines incorp into

Answer 44

acquired pellicle

Question 45

what are some other components of the pellicle

Answer 45

lysozyme lactoferrin albumin

Question 46

what is a lysozyme

Answer 46

muramidase n - acetylmuramidase cationic protein

Question 47

where are lysozymes present

Answer 47

in numerous organs and most body fluids

Question 48

where are the sources of oral lysozymes

Answer 48

major & minor salivary glands, phagocytic cells and gingival crevicular fluid

Question 49

what bacteria tend to be more resistant to lysosmyes and why

Answer 49

gm -ve | due to LPS in cel wal

Question 50

what do lysozyme activate

Answer 50

bacterial autolysins | 'suicide packages'

Question 51

what is lactoferrin

Answer 51

iron chelating glycoprotein

Question 52

what is the principle action of lactoferrin

Answer 52

block growth of iron dept organisms with b'static effect - binds to LPS - inhibit endotoxin activity

Question 53

what is HOSCN a product of

Answer 53

salivary peroxidase activity

Question 54

what is HOSCN

Answer 54

enzyme adsorb onto HA

Question 55

what does HOSCN do

Answer 55

block glucose uptake inhibit amino acid trans damage inner mem inhibit hexokinase

Question 56

what are some antimicrobial components of saliva

Answer 56

``` lactoferrin IgA Mucins Antimicrobial peptides Enzymes Proteins ```

Question 57

what are th antimcirbial enzymes in saliva

Answer 57

lysozyme glycosides peroxidase

Question 58

what are the antimicrobial proteins in saliva

Answer 58

glycoproteins statherins histidine rich proteins proline rich proteins

Question 59

what is the thickness of the pellicle before bac attach

Answer 59

1-2uM (takes an hour)

Question 60

what are the factors involved in pellicle to plaque

Answer 60

``` MG1 sIgA lysozyme - all bind to bac cell walls pioneer sp (s gordonii and s sanguinis) ```