Oral Bacteria

Question 1

What are some bacteria and their tolerance to oxygen

Answer 1

S.cocci -facultative and obligate anaerobes
Staphylococci - facultative anaerobes
Actinomycetes - facultative anaerobes and obligate
Lactobacillus - facultative anaerobes
Eu bacterium - obligate anaerobes

Question 2

What are the s. Cocci species found in the oral micro flora and where are they fond specifically

Answer 2

Mutans - tooth surface fissures
Oralis - tooth in plaque
Sanguinis -oath in plaque

Question 3

What is s. Mutans

Answer 3

Lead to tooth decay
Work with wide range of antibiotics
Adapted for resource acquisition and defence

Question 4

What is dental caries

Answer 4

Local dissolution of the enamel which may advance to the dentine or pulp
Common in pits/fissures
Accumulation of plaque

Question 5

What initiates dental caries

Answer 5

S mutans

Question 6

How does s mutans initiate dental caries

Answer 6

Bind and colonise to tooth surface and produce extra cellular polysaccharide
Produce acid at a high rate from sugar (acidogenic)
Tolerate high concentrations of acid (aciduric)

Question 7

What does s. Sanguinis do

Answer 7

This is a sub member of oralis group
Large numbers
Bacterial endocarditis
Bond to tooth surface

Question 8

What bacteria is involved in infective endocarditis form the oral micro flora

Answer 8

S anguinis particularly
S mitis
S oralis

Question 9

How does s. Sanguinis cause infective endocarditis

Answer 9

Enter blood after oral trauma
Bacteria settle on valves
Causing infective endocarditis

Question 10

What are lactobacilli

Answer 10

After streptococci , these are most important groups of bacteria causing dental caries

Question 11

Are lactobacilli gram +ve or -ve

Answer 11

+ve

Question 12

What is the shape of lactobacilli and a few of its properties

Answer 12

Pleomorphic (variable shape) rods

Acidogenic and aciduric - can survive and reproduce in acidic conditions

Question 13

What does the level of lactobacilli in the salvia correlate with

Answer 13

Carbohydrate intake

Question 14

Where is a low pH in the mouth

Answer 14

Deep Carious lesions

Question 15

What are actinomycetes

Answer 15

Gram +ve pleomorphic rods

Which can be arranged single, pairs of clumps

Question 16

What can actinomyces have which can aid them in adherence

Answer 16

Fimbriae

Question 17

Where is actinomyces usually found in the oral environment

Answer 17

In mouth, dental plaque, tonsil crypts

Supra/sub gingival plaque

Question 18

What are a couple of species in the mouth of actinomyces

Answer 18

A viscosus

A naesluddi

Question 19

What kind of caries are actinomyces associted with

Answer 19

Root surface caries

Question 20

What is the gingival crevice

Answer 20

Groove between tooth and gum where accumulation of plaque occurs (if severe = gingivitis)

Question 21

What is the periodontal pocket

Answer 21

In periodontal disease the whole support tissue around the tooth becomes inflamed when dental plaque growths betweent he tooth and the gum

Question 22

What kind of bacteria does a healthy healthy gingiva crevice contain

Answer 22

Gram +ve cocci

Question 23

What are the conditions like below the gingival margin

Answer 23

Anaerobic

Question 24

Underneath the gingival margin where do nutrients come form instead of saliva and food

Answer 24

Gingival crevicular fluid

Question 25

What are the majority of bacteria found in the perio pocket

Answer 25

Gram negative anaerobic bacilli

Question 26

What other bacteria is found at the base of the perio pocket

Answer 26

Spirochetes

Question 27

What is the red complex

Answer 27

Group of bacteria associated with dieseased pockets
2 GNAB’s (tannerella forsythia and porphyromonas gingival is)
And one spirochete

Question 28

Are oral bacteria gram -ve or +ve

Answer 28

Gra +ve