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Histopathology > Salivary Glands & Associated Pathology (Exam III) > Flashcards

Salivary Glands & Associated Pathology (Exam III) Flashcards

1
Q

Saliva is involved to some degree in all of the following functions: (5)

A
  1. Speech
  2. Mastication
  3. Taste
  4. Swallowing
  5. Digestion
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2
Q

A protein thought to be necessary for growth & maturation of taste buds:

A

Gustin

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3
Q

Responsible for degrading starch in digestion:

A

Salivary amylase

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4
Q

Saliva functions in protection by lubricating the ____ from noxious stimuli, bacterial toxins and minor trauma

A

Lining mucosa

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5
Q

Saliva functions in protection by a ___ action to rid mouth of ____ bacteria

A

Washing action; non-adherent

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6
Q

A protective role of saliva is the clearance of _____ from the mouth

A

Sugars

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7
Q

Saliva plays a ____ function through the prevention of potential pathogenic bacteria from colonizing the moutg

A

Buffering

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8
Q

In order for most pathogenic bacteria to colonize the mouth, an ____ is required

A

Acidic pH

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9
Q

What functions in the buffering of microbial acids (2):

A
  1. Bicarb
  2. Phosphate ions
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10
Q

A protein that raises pH of dental plaque after exposure to fermentable carbohydrates:
(buffering action)

A

Sialin

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11
Q

Salivas antimicrobial action works via (3):

A
  1. Lysozymes
  2. Lactoferrin
  3. Salivary IgA
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12
Q

Contributes to antimicrobial action of saliva by hydrolyzing bacterial cell walls:

A

Lysozyme

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13
Q

Contributes to antimicrobial action of saliva by binding free iron and thereby depriving bacteria of an essential nutrient:

A

Lactoferrin

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14
Q

Contributes to antimicrobial action of saliva by causing bacterial clumping (agglutination):

A

Salivary IgA

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15
Q

_____ & ____ are ions that facilitate mineralization of tooth surface which functions in the maintenance of tooth integrity:

A

Calcium & phosphate

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16
Q

Epithelial growth factor and clotting factor are both present in saliva and function in:

A

Soft tissue repair

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17
Q

_____ dictate differentiation of oral epithelium which in turn, proliferates and grows into the underlying ______

A

Ectomesenchymal cells; mesenchyme

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18
Q

The epithelial buds during the development of salivary glands undergo ____ & ____

A

Histodifferentiation & morphodifferentiation

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19
Q

The epithelial buds during the development of salivary glands undergo histodifferentiation & morphodifferentiation to form assemblies of:

A
  1. Alveoli
  2. Epithelial cords
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20
Q

In the development of salivary glands the assemblies of alveoli (from the epithelial buds) develop into ______ and the epithelial cords develop into _____

A

Acinar cells; ducts

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21
Q

Stage of salivary gland development accomplished by underlying ectomesenchyme:

A

Induction of oral epithelium

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22
Q

Stage of salivary gland development after the induction of the oral epithelium, growth of the _____ occurs

A

Epithelial cord

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23
Q

During salivary gland development cytodifferentiation to become acinar cells, myoepithelial cells & ductal cells is accomplished by:

A

FGF & EGF

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24
Q

FGF + EGF + Terminal bulb cells results in: (3)

A
  1. acinar cells
  2. myoepithelial cells
  3. Duct cells
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25
The parotid & submandibular glands being to form during the ______ of embryonic development with the sublingual gland initiating development during the _______
6th week; 8th week
26
The minor salivary glands begin to form by the _____ of embryonic development
10th week
27
List what week of embryonic development the following salivary glands form: 1. Parotid = 2. Submandibular = 3. Sublingual = 4. Minor salivary glands =
1. 6th week 2. 6th week 3. 8th week 4. 10th week
28
The secreting unit of a salivary duct:
Acinus
29
Hierarchy of ducts starting at the level of the secreting unit: (5)
1. Intercellular canaliculus 2. Intercalated duct 3. Striated duct 4. Excretory duct (collecting duct) 5. Terminal excretory duct
30
Myoepithelial cells of salivary glands are also called:
Basket cells
31
Part of salivary gland associated with terminal end pieces (acini) and intercalated ducts:
Myoepithelial cells
32
The parotid gland is formed from the:
Stenson's duct
33
The submandibular gland is formed from the:
Wharton's duct
34
The sublingual gland is formed from the:
Bartholin's duct
35
The parotid gland is a _____ secreting gland:
Pure serous
36
Responsible for 20% of unstimulated salivary flow:
Parotid gland
37
Parotid gland enlargement occurs in: (5)
1. Parotitis (mumps) 2. Sjorgrens syndrome 3. Bulimia nervosa 4. Anorexia nervosa 5. Benign & malignant neoplasia
38
The submandibular gland is a ____ secreting gland:
mixed seromucous
39
Although the submandibular gland is a mixed seromucous secreting gland, it predominantly secretes _____ with _____ contributions
Serous fluid; mucous contributions
40
Responsible for 60% of unstimulated salivary flow:
Submandibular gland
41
What structures can be found in the submandibular gland?
Serous deminlunes
42
The sublingual gland is a _____ secreting gland:
Mixed mucoserous
43
Although the sublingual gland is a mixed mucoserous gland, it is predominantly _____ secreting
Mucous
44
Responsible for 10% of unstimulated salivary flow:
Sublingual gland
45
______ are structures that can be found associated with sublingual glands
Serous deminlunes
46
Minor salivary glands account for ____ % of unstimulated salivary flow
10
47
Most minor salivary glands are ____ secreting
Mucous
48
Most minor salivary glands are _____ secreting
Mucous
49
The named minor salivary glands include:
1. Von Ebner's 2. Blandin-nuhn 3. Weber's 4. Carmalt's
50
Von Ebner's gland is a minor salivary gland that is a _____ gland associated with circumvallate papillae
Pure serous
51
Pure serous glands associated with circumvallate papillae (minor salivary gland)
Von Ebner's
52
Mucoserous glands located on the ventral surface at tip of tongue (minor salivary gland)
Blandin-nuhn
53
Mucous glands associated with the pharyngeal tonsils (minor salivary gland)
Weber's
54
Mucous glands found in the mandibular retromolar area (minor salivary gland)
Carmalt's
55
What are the classifications of glands (5):
1. endocrine 2. exocrine 3. merocrine 4. apocrine 5. holocrine
56
Classification of gland in which the product is secreted into blood and affects other cells; no duct system involved:
Endocrine
57
Classification of gland in which the product is secreted onto a surface; usually has a duct:
Exocrine
58
Classification of gland in which little to no damage to secreting cell occurs:
Merocrine
59
Salivary glands are classified as:
Merocrine glands
60
Classification of gland in which partial injury to secreting cells occurs:
Apocrine glands
61
Mammary/sweat glands are classified as:
Apocrine glands
62
Classification of gland in which total destruction of secreting cells occurs:
Holocrine
63
Sebaceous glands are classified as:
sebaceous glands
64
Not a pathologic lesion & represent ectopic sebaceous glands:
Fordyce's granules
65
The result of trauma that severs the duct resulting in extravasation of mucin into the surrounding soft tissues:
Salivary gland mucosele
66
Salivary gland mucoceles most commonly occur:
Lips, tip of the ventral surface of the tongue, soft palate
67
Salivary gland mucoceles are characterized by an accumulation of ____ containing numerous foamy histiocytes surrounded by granulation tissue:
mucin
68
A term used to designate a mucocele that occurs in the floor of the mouth
Ranula
69
Ranulas most often involve the:
Sublingual salivary gland
70
Chronic systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by xerostomia, xerophthalmia or keratojunctivitus sicca
Sjogren's syndrome
71
Parotid gland swelling due to lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate:
Sjogren's syndrome
72
80-90% of sjogren's syndrome occurs in:
Middle-aged females
73
A salivary gland mixed tumor may also be called:
Pleomorphic adenoma
74
A mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma) is a benign tumor that accounts for: _____% if parotid gland tumors ____ % of submandibular gland tumors ____% of minor salivary gland tumors
53-77% parotid 44-68% submandibular 38-43% minor salivary gland
75
Mixed tumors (pleomorphic adenomas) can be described as well ____ & ____
Circumscribed & encapsulated
76
In mixed tumors (pleomorphic adenomas), the tissue is derived from:
mixture of ductal & myoepithelial cells
77
What cells are also present in mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenomas):
keratinizing squamous cells & mucous producing cells
78
One of the most common salivary malignancies that typically involves the parotid gland and consequently causes pain or facial nerve palsy development:
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
79
Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are composed of a mixture of ______ cells and _____ cells
Mucous producing; eepidermoid
80
Abundant cellular pleomorphism & a tendency to form cystic areas within the tumor cell mass is characteristic of:
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Histopathology (15 decks)

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