Amelogenesis- EXAM I Flashcards

1
Q

Enamel is considered a ____ tissue

A

Acellular

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2
Q

Describe the collagen in the matrix of enamel:

A

No collagen

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3
Q

Formation of enamel involves the secretory & resorptive activities of ____ derived cells

A

Ectodermally

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4
Q

Compare the strength of enamel vs. dentin

A

Enamel is 5x harder

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5
Q

What is the hardest tissue in the body?

A

Enamel

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6
Q

The core of enamel is composed of:

A

Hydroxyapatite crystals

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7
Q

The Ca hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel are highly oriented & packed into rod-like structures called the ____

A

Enamel rods

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8
Q

Although 96% mineral, the basic rod structure of enamel exhibits some degree of _____

A

Flexibility

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9
Q

Describe the orientation of enamel rods:

A

Parallel to the long axis

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10
Q

Describe the composition of enamel:

A

1% water
3% organic compounds
96% inorganic components

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11
Q

What comprises the inorganic component of enamel?

A

Calcium hydroxyapatite

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12
Q

What is the main protein comprising the organic component of enamel?

A

Tyrosine-rich amelogenin protein (TRAP)

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13
Q

What components make up TRAP?

A

Tuftelin
Sheathlin
Enamelin
Ameloginin

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14
Q

Exhibits thixotropic properties (the ability to flow under pressure) & comprises most of TRAP

A

Amelogenin

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15
Q

Considered one of the largest of the TRAP proteins:

A

Enamelin

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16
Q

An acidic, phosphorylated & glycosylated protein & the largest of the enamel matrix proteins

A

Enamelin

17
Q

Enamelin is preferentially restricted to the _____ area

A

Rod

18
Q

The phosphorylated nature & intital accumulation near the growing ends of crystal suggest that enamelin plays a role in:

A

Crystal growth & nucleation

19
Q

A lengthy protein that helps to connect enamelin and dentin together

A

Tuftelin

20
Q

Tuftelin appears restricted to the ____ in the enamel tufts

A

DEJ

21
Q

This enamel protein is thought to play a role in induction, the initiation of mineralization & possibly functions as a junctional proteins linking enamel & dentin

A

Tuftelin

22
Q

Enamel protein that is initially found throughout the rod & interrod enamel, however it is preferentially located in the rod sheaths:

A

Sheathlin

23
Q

In the reciprocal induction stage, the pre-tooth bud stage ectoderm specifies the “dental nature” of the:

A

Underlying mesenchyme (neural crest cells)

24
Q

In the reciprocal induction stage, the neural crest cells (ectomesenchyme) then induces formation & proliferation of the ______

A

Dental lamina

25
Q

During the reciprocal induction stage, the _____ eventually separates into an outer & inner dental epithelium

A

Dental lamina

26
Q

In reciprocal induction, the inner enamel epithelium induces differentiation of:

A

Odontoblasts

27
Q

During reciprocal induction, the ____ secrete the mantle layer of dentin

A

Odontonblasts

28
Q

In reciprocal induction, once the mantle layer of dentin is formed, ______ is initiated & _____ begins shortly thereafter

A

Ameloblast differentation
Amelogenesis

29
Q

The gradient of cellular differentiation, matrix secretion & mineralization during tooth development is ____ to ____ (dentition) & ____ to ____ (individual teeth)

A

Anterior to posterior
Coronal to apical

30
Q

List the stages of ameloblast function (5):

A
  1. Morphogenic stage
  2. Differentiation stage
  3. Secretory stage
    4, Maturation stage
  4. Protective stage