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Histology > Salivary Glands > Flashcards

Salivary Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Name the three types of oral muscosa

A

lining mucosa
masticatory mucosa
specialised mucosa

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2
Q

oral mucosa consists of

A

stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria of dense CT
Submucosa of loose CT

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3
Q

Masticatory mucosa

A

covers hard palate and the gingiva para

epithelium is keratinized or parakeratinized

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4
Q

Linng mucosa

A

inside lips, lining buccal surfaces, covering soft palate and lining floor of mouth and inferior surface of tongue

epithelium is not keratinized

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5
Q

is the dorsum of the tongue keratinized or nonkeratinized ?

A

keratinized

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6
Q

Is the vermillion of the border of the lips keratinized or nonkeratinized?

A

keratinized

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7
Q

Hard palate

A

Transitional region between keratinized and parakeratinized epithelium

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8
Q

Tongue

A

Extrinsic skeletal muscles - insert into tongue
Intrinsic skeletal muscles- longitudinal, transverse, and vertical plane

Dorsal surface > keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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9
Q

Four types of Papillae

A

Filiform
Fungiform
Foliate
Circumvallate

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10
Q

Filiform

A

conical shape, no taste buds

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11
Q

Fungiform

A

blunt

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12
Q

Foliate

A

slit-like on margin of tongue

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13
Q

Circumvallate

A

large dome shaped
clefts surrounding them
Taste buds found at margins of papillae facing the clefts

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14
Q

Functions of Saliva

A

Protection:
> liquid flushes away non-adherent bacteria, debris
> Mucins provide lubrication for oral tissue to move over one another

Buffering:
> bicarbonate protects teeth from bacterial acids

Tooth Integrity:
>High levels of calcium and phosphate help enamel to mature and increase hardness and resistance to demineralisation

Antimicrobial Activity
> Mucins provide a barrier number of proteins have antibacterial properties; immunoglobulins agglutinate bacteria

Digestion
>Fluid and mucin components aid in formation and swallowing of food bolus enzymes such as amylase begin process of breaking down food.

Taste
> Saliva helps solubilize food so that it can interact with taste receptors

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15
Q

what are the three major salivary glands?

A

> parotid
sublingual glands
submandibular glands

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16
Q

where are the three major salivary glands found?

A

Inside oral cavity, have an extensive duct system which delivers saliva to mouth

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17
Q

Where are the minor salivary glands found?

A

In oral mucosa, located in the submucosa with short ducts that open onto mucosal surface

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18
Q

Where does the parotid gland emerge from

A

anterior border, passes over masseter and pierces buccinators emptying into oral cavity on a papilla opposite the upper second molar tooth

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19
Q

what is embedded in the Parotid gland?

A

External carotid artery
Retromandibula vein
Facial nerve

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20
Q

Parotid gland - Preganglionic

A

glossopharyngeal- lesser petrosal nerve - otic ganglion

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21
Q

Parotid gland - Postganglionic

A

otic ganglion - auriculotemporal nerve - parotid gland

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22
Q

Submandibular Gland emerges from where?

A

deep part of gland and passes forward to terminate on sublingual caruncle near the base of the lingual frenum

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23
Q

Which artery grooves the superficial part of the gland?

A

Facial artery

24
Q

Preganglionic - Submandibular Gland

A

Facial nerve - chorda tympani - lingual nerve - submandibular ganglion

25
Q

Postganglionic - Submandibular Gland

A

Submandibular ganglion- Submandibular gland

26
Q

What shape is the Sublingual Gland

A

Almond Shape

27
Q

Where does the anterior part of the sublingual gland drain?

A

via single duct that joins the submandibular duct

28
Q

Where does the posterior part of the sublingual gland drain?

A

via several small ducts that end on the sublingual fold

29
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation for the sublingual gland?

A

Same as submandibular gland

30
Q

two main structures of salivary glands

A

stroma and parenchyma

31
Q

Stroma of salivary gland

A

tough connective tissue capsule with septa of CT that passes inwards and subdivides gland into lobes, which in turn are subdivided into lobules

Blood, nerves and major ducts travel in these septa

32
Q

Parenchyma

A

compound tubule-acinar glands

secretory elements consist of serous acini, mucous acini and mixed acini, although type present depends upon the gland

33
Q

type of secretion of salivary gland

A

merocine secretion

34
Q

Merocrine secretion

A

occurs by exocytosis

when membrane surrounding secretory vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and discharge their contents to the extracellular space

35
Q

classification of Exocrine cells falls into two categories

A

Duct Morphology and Arrangement of secretory cells

36
Q

Duct Morphology

A

simple- duct is unbranched

Compound- has branching duct system

37
Q

Arrangement of secretory cells

A

Tubuloacinar - secretory tubules or tubules ending in acini

38
Q

classification of salivary gland

A

compound tubuloacinar gland

39
Q

Name two secretory elements of salivary glands

A

Serous or mucous

40
Q

serous

A

secrete thin watery secretion
contain proteins
Not ultrafiltrate of blood is produced via active secretion

41
Q

Mucous

A

secrete mucin
consists of protein core and sugar residues
viscous, sticky secretions

42
Q

cells of serous acini

A

wedge shaped - prominent nucleus, granular appearance , extensive REr

43
Q

Cells of Mucous acinar

A

found in tubular element
large no of prominent secretory granules in cytoplasm
granules appear large in routine method

44
Q

cells of serous in mixed acinar salivary glands (submandibular)

A

cresent shape > serous demilune

45
Q

Myoepithelial cells

A

specialized for contraction

forms a network around groups of secretory cells and when they contract help expel secretions from gland

46
Q

Major salivary gland flow-

A

acinus empties into an intercalated duct (cuboidal cells) empties into striated duct (columnar)

47
Q

striated duct cell pump system

A

Na+ ions out of saliva in duct - against concentration gradient - hense lots of mitrochondria

Pump K+ and HCO3- into saliva
This results in hypotonic saliva

48
Q

striated ducts empty into

A

collecting /excretory ducts which are lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium

49
Q

which stains the most intensly, serous cells or mucous

A

serous cells

50
Q

types of secretion in parotid

A

all serous

51
Q

types of secretion in submandibular

A

mainly serous, some mucous

52
Q

types of secretion in sublingual

A

mainly mucous, some serous

53
Q

where are minor salivary glands absent from?

A

gingiva and anterior part of hard palate

54
Q

what types of secretion are minor salivary glands predominately?

A

mucous

55
Q

Von Ebner glands

A

entirely serous

associated with circumvallate and foliate papillae

Histology (10 decks)

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