Salivary Glands

Question 1

What are the 3 major Salivary gland pairs?

Answer 1

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 2

Where is the Parotid Gland located?

Answer 2

On the masseter muscle posterior to ramus, anterior and inferior to the ear

Question 3

Where does the parotid gland open into the oral cavity and what is the name of this duct?

Answer 3

At Parotid papilla opposite to max 2nd molars

Stensons Duct

Question 4

What % of the total salivary volume does the Parotid gland produce?

Answer 4

25%

Question 5

What is a common viral infection of the parotid gland?

Answer 5

Mumps

Question 6

What % of the total salivary volume does the submandibular gland produce?

Answer 6

60-65%

Question 7

Why is the submandibular gland called a mixed gland?

Answer 7

It contains both serous and mucous cells

Question 8

Why is the submandibular gland secretion more viscous than that of the parotid gland?

Answer 8

Mucous cells - mucins thicken saliva

Question 9

Where is the submandibular gland located?

Answer 9

Occupies the submandibular fossa - most superficial to the mylohyoid muscle but a small deep lobe wraps around the posterior border

Question 10

Which duct supplies the oral cavity with saliva from the submandbular gland?

Answer 10

Whartons duct

At the sublingual carnucle at base of lingual frenum

Question 11

What % of the total salivary volume does the sublingual gland produce?

Answer 11

10% of volume, mostly mixed mucous

Question 12

What type of cells predominate the sublingual gland?

Answer 12

Mucous

Question 13

Where is the sublingual gland located and where is the duct open up into the oral cavity?

Answer 13

Located: floor of the mouth, adjacent to the canines, above the mylohyoid, under the tongue.
Ducts: enters at Bartholins duct, exits at carnucles along with whartons duct

Question 14

What are 3 major differences between the major salivary glands and the minor salivary glands?

Answer 14

Size
Ducts: location, size and number
Number of secretory end units / acini

Question 15

What is the primary function of the minor salivary glands?

Answer 15

mainly to keep mouth moist (lubrication)

Question 16

Are minor salivary gland cells mucous, serous, or both?

Answer 16

both, but mostly mucous

Question 17

Where is the Labial gland located?

Answer 17

labial mucosa

Question 18

Where is the Buccal gland located?

Answer 18

Buccal mucosa

Question 19

Where is the Palatine gland located?

Answer 19

soft palate, and posterior lateral of hard palate

Question 20

Where is the glossopalatine gland located?

Answer 20

anterior pillar and posterior of the hard palate

Question 21

What are the 3 groups of lingual minor salivary glands and where they located?

Answer 21

Anterior: located at tip of tongue

Glands of Von Ebner: located beneath and around the circumvallate papilla in troughs

Posterior: located around lingual tonsils posterior to 1/3 of the tongue

Question 22

Approximately how much saliva is secreted in a 24-hour period?

Answer 22

about 2-3 pints

Question 23

Do normal salivary amounts vary from person to person?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

What may cause and increase or decrease in salivary flow?

Answer 24

Decrease: Emotional / fear anxiety

Increase

Question 25

What are the functions of saliva

Answer 25

lubrication
natural rinsing/cleansing
aids in digestions
increases taste acuity
buffers bacterial acids
antibacterial properties

Question 26

Ropey Saliva

Answer 26

• generally due to a higher mucosa content
• persons with excess carbs in diet may have increase mucous
• extreme nervousness may produce less serous and more mucous type
• some people have naturally viscous/mucosa type saliva

Question 27

Alterations in Saliva

Answer 27

• drugs
• emotional reaction (fear, stress, etc)
• surgery/disease (radiation treatment-destroys gland tissue)

Question 28

What is Xerostomia? And what are the problems related to oral health with Xerostomia?

Answer 28

-lack of saliva producing ability causing oral dryness
-recall what may cause alterations in salivary flow
-may decrease with age
Problems:
-plaque retention
-predisposition to caries
-problems with denture wearing
-discomfort when eating

Question 29

What is Sialagove and Antisialagove?

Answer 29

Sialagove: agents that increase or stimulate saliva flow, ex: artificial replacements such as gums, mints, drops, pills
Antisialagove: agents that decrease saliva flow such as tranquilizer sir antidepressants. Sometimes used in surgery and a bodies reaction to stress is a natural Antisialagove

Question 30

Ranula

Answer 30

Type of mucocele found on FOM. Swelling due to collected mucin from a ruptured salivary gland duct usually caused by local trauma.

Mucocele: collection of mucin that can not escapes the duct. This is caused by trauma (biting cheek/lip).