Bones of the Head and Neck Flashcards
What functions do the bones of the skull provide? List at least 3.
Surround and protect / form facial features / support development and growth of jaws
The bones surrounding the brain are called the __________?
How many are there?
What are the names of them?
Neurocranium/Cranium
There are 8 bones
Frontal (1), Sphenoid (1), Ethmoid (1), Parietal (2) Temporal (2), Occipital (1)
The bones of the facial skeleton are called the ________?
How many bones are there?
What are the names of them?
Viscerocranium
There are 14 bones
Mandible (1), Maxilla (2), Zygoma (2), Vomer (1), Nasal (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae(2), Palatine (2), Lacrimal (2).
What bones join together to form the nasal septum?
Ethmoid (perpendicular plate) and the Vomer.
The suture dividing the parietal and occipital bones has 2 names. What are they?
Lambdoid suture and Parieto-occipital
What is the mastoid process?
The bony projection on the temporal bone just posterior and slightly inferior and posterior to the external auditory meatus.
What is the external auditory (acoustic) meatus?
The opening to the external / outer ear canal, a short canal leading to outer ear.
The eminence that forms the cheek bone is part of the zygomatic bone. What is another name for this part of the bone?
Zygoma is ‘actually’ singular for the zygomatic bone. However, in radiology, dental professionals often refer to the ‘cheek bone’ protuberance of bone (radiopacity) as the zygoma. In this region, the maxillary bone and the zygomatic bone join. The jugal ridge is another term you may come across in anatomy. Isn’t it wonderful how everyone can pick their own name for the same thing! Zygomaticomaxillary eminence is another!
The articular fossa (also the mandibular fossa) is part of which bone? *The term Glenoid as it is not used often.
Temporal bone
What bony structure articulates with the articular fossa?
The condylar process of the mandible ‘or the condyle’
Of what purpose is the styloid process?
On the temporal bone - serves as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments.
Name the processes of the sphenoid bone.
Greater wings / Lesser wings Pterygoid processes (medial and lateral plates of pterygoid processes)
What is the purpose of the crista galli of the ethmoid bone?
Attachment site for layers of brain coverings “dura mater”
What is the significance of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?
It is porous – the olfactory nerves (sense of smell) travel through this area
What gland is situated in the hypophyseal fossa (also the sella turcica)?
Anterior lobe of pituitary gland
What travels through the foramen ovale and foramen rotundum?
Nerves, Blood Vessels. For DH to know:
Ovale – Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (also referred to as V-3)
Rotundum – Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V-2)
What is the maxillary tuberosity?
Area of bone (also soft tissue) directly posterior (or distal) to the last molar in the maxillary arch (bilateral).
What are alveolar eminences?
They are the bulges in the facial alveolar process directly facial to the roots of the teeth. A result of bone formation over individual roots. Creates ‘prominent or bulky areas referred to as root or alveolar eminences’.
What is the structure called that forms the tip of the chin?
Mental protuberance / Symphysis is the entire chin area
On the mandible what structure is situated superior to the mandibular foramen?
The lingula – it is on the medial surface of the ramus. Bulge of bone.
What structures form the angle of the mandible?
Where the body and ramus meet the angle is formed
What function does the coronoid process provide?
Is an (one of) attachment site for muscles of mastication
Where do nerves and blood vessels for the mandibular teeth and lip enter the mandible?
At the mandibular foramen on the medial surface of the ramus.
The mylohyoid muscle would likely attach to the mandible at what area?
At the mylohyoid ridge on the medial surface of the body of the mandible.
