salivary glands Flashcards
function of saliva
- lubricates and protects oral tissues
- solvent for taste
- masticatory wetting agents
- aids swallowing
- starts digestion
- bacterial protection
- aid in bolus formation
- pellicle formation
composition of saliva
- water
- mucous (mucins)
- enzymes
- inorganic ions
- antibodies (immunoglobulins)
- electrolytes (Ca, F, phophate)
3 pairs of major salivary glands
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
major salivary ducts are
compound tubuloacinar glands
spherical salivary glands are
serous cells
tubularacini glands are
mucous cells
individuals with a deficiency of salivary secretion have difficulty
- eating
- speaking
- swallowing
- and become prone to mucosal infection and caries
minor salivary glands include:
- labial
- lingual
- palatal
- buccal
- glossopalatine
- retromolar
mucous membranes line
- body cavities
- connect body with surface
minor mucous salivary glands are located
- in submucosa below epithelium of oral cavity
intercalated ducts
- at lowest part of neck and gland
- secrete antibacterial substances
- part of component of primary saliva (isotonic)
striated ducts
- most important for Na+/Cl- reabsorption and K+/carbonate secretion
- requires lots of mitochondria and ATP for active transport
- makes primary saliva hypotonic (higher fluid:solute ratio)
mitochondria are located at
basal membrane in deep invaginations
secretory cells include
- serous cells
- mucous cells
- myoepithelial cells
- oncocytes (not really important)
protein secretion occurs by
exocytosis
fluid and electrolyte secretion is stimulated by the
binding of the parasympathetic transmitter, ACh and norepinephrine
parotid gland
- serous gland
- watery saliva
- rich in amylase proteins, proline proteins, and glycoproteins
sublingual glands
- primarily mucous
- viscous saliva rich in mucins
intralobular ducts
- within lobes
- intercalated discs
- secretory
- striated ducts
interobular ducts
- between lobes
- excretory
- in septa
Xerostomia
- a dry mouth disease caused by autoimmune attack parotid and submandibular glands
**causes: - Extreme swelling of parotid glands
- tongue dilapidation,
- candidiasis infection,
- and severe caries and periodontal disease
submandibular glands are
- mixed glands (serous and mucous)
sublingual glands are
- mostly mucous (some serous)
minor salivary glands
- In lateral portion of the hard palate
- Secrete mucus and immunoglobulins
- Active at night to keep mouth moist
Sjogren’s syndrome
- mucosa is dry and glazed
- tongue depapillation
- difficulty eating, swallowing, and speaking
- severe carries and periodontal diseas
- candidiasis infection
- ascending parotitis
mumps
- acute viral infection caused by paramyxovirus
- transmitted via infected saliva
- symptoms include: swollen and painful parotid gland, headache, fever
pleomorphic adenoma
- benign salivary tumor
- most common type of minor salivary glands tumor
- most in parotid
- posterior palate and upper lip affected
