salivary glands

Question 1

function of saliva

Answer 1

• lubricates and protects oral tissues
• solvent for taste
• masticatory wetting agents
• aids swallowing
• starts digestion
• bacterial protection
• aid in bolus formation
• pellicle formation

Question 2

composition of saliva

Answer 2

• water
• mucous (mucins)
• enzymes
• inorganic ions
• antibodies (immunoglobulins)
• electrolytes (Ca, F, phophate)

Question 3

3 pairs of major salivary glands

Answer 3

• parotid
• submandibular
• sublingual

Question 4

major salivary ducts are

Answer 4

compound tubuloacinar glands

Question 5

spherical salivary glands are

Answer 5

serous cells

Question 6

tubularacini glands are

Answer 6

mucous cells

Question 7

individuals with a deficiency of salivary secretion have difficulty

Answer 7

• eating
• speaking
• swallowing
• and become prone to mucosal infection and caries

Question 8

minor salivary glands include:

Answer 8

• labial
• lingual
• palatal
• buccal
• glossopalatine
• retromolar

Question 9

mucous membranes line

Answer 9

• body cavities
• connect body with surface

Question 10

minor mucous salivary glands are located

Answer 10

• in submucosa below epithelium of oral cavity

Question 11

intercalated ducts

Answer 11

• at lowest part of neck and gland
• secrete antibacterial substances
• part of component of primary saliva (isotonic)

Question 12

striated ducts

Answer 12

• most important for Na+/Cl- reabsorption and K+/carbonate secretion
• requires lots of mitochondria and ATP for active transport
• makes primary saliva hypotonic (higher fluid:solute ratio)

Question 13

mitochondria are located at

Answer 13

basal membrane in deep invaginations

Question 14

secretory cells include

Answer 14

• serous cells
• mucous cells
• myoepithelial cells
• oncocytes (not really important)

Question 15

protein secretion occurs by

Answer 15

exocytosis

Question 16

fluid and electrolyte secretion is stimulated by the

Answer 16

binding of the parasympathetic transmitter, ACh and norepinephrine

Question 17

parotid gland

Answer 17

• serous gland
• watery saliva
• rich in amylase proteins, proline proteins, and glycoproteins

Question 18

sublingual glands

Answer 18

• primarily mucous
• viscous saliva rich in mucins

Question 19

intralobular ducts

Answer 19

• within lobes
• intercalated discs
• secretory
• striated ducts

Question 20

interobular ducts

Answer 20

• between lobes
• excretory
• in septa

Question 21

Xerostomia

Answer 21

• a dry mouth disease caused by autoimmune attack parotid and submandibular glands
  **causes:
• Extreme swelling of parotid glands
• tongue dilapidation,
• candidiasis infection,
• and severe caries and periodontal disease

Question 22

submandibular glands are

Answer 22

• mixed glands (serous and mucous)

Question 23

sublingual glands are

Answer 23

• mostly mucous (some serous)

Question 24

minor salivary glands

Answer 24

• In lateral portion of the hard palate
• Secrete mucus and immunoglobulins
• Active at night to keep mouth moist

Question 25

Sjogren’s syndrome

Answer 25

• mucosa is dry and glazed
• tongue depapillation
• difficulty eating, swallowing, and speaking
• severe carries and periodontal diseas
• candidiasis infection
• ascending parotitis

Question 26

mumps

Answer 26

• acute viral infection caused by paramyxovirus
• transmitted via infected saliva
• symptoms include: swollen and painful parotid gland, headache, fever

Question 27

pleomorphic adenoma

Answer 27

• benign salivary tumor
• most common type of minor salivary glands tumor
• most in parotid
• posterior palate and upper lip affected