digestive glands Flashcards
the liver and pancreas are derived from
endoderm
the pancreas characteristics
- retroperitoneal
- secretes insulin and glucagon
- contains islets of langerhans
- centroacinar and intercalated duct cells secrete carbonate rich fluid
the pancreas has same ducts as the salivary glands except
- it contains centroacinar cells
- has no striated ducts or myoepithelial cells
the pancreas is
a major exocrine gland of digestive tract with well developed acinar duct system
gherilin is one of the hormones that stimulates
hunger
the liver
- the largest internal organ
- 4 lobes
- covered in capsule and mesothelium
- major interface between blood and digestive system
main function of the liver
- production of bile
- hydrolysis
- uptake of fats in duodenum
the lobes of the liver
- the right lobe
- the left lobe
- the caudate lobe
- the quadrate lobe
the hepatic venous portal system
- hepatic arteries bring oxygen and nutrients to liver
- blood flows through sinusoidal capillaries in the portal triad of the hepatic lobules
- central veins of lobules merges together and drain blood via the hepatic vein
hepatocytes
- key cells of liver
- functionally diverse cells
function of hepatocytes
- exocrine function
- secretion of bile components
- synthesis and endocrine secretion into blood of plasma proteins
- gluconeogenesis
- detoxification
- deamination (urea production)
- glucose storage
- iron storage
- vitamin A storage
- removal of erythrocytes by Kupffer cells
the hepatic lobule
- blood drainage
- always contains a portal triad
- drains blood from the portal vein and hepatic artery to the hepatic or central vein
- hepatocytes have an endocrine function here as blood flows past them
the portal triad
contains a bile duct, hepatic arteriole, and portal vein
the portal lobule
- drains bile from hepatocytes to the bile duct
- hepatocytes have an exocrine function here
- drain in a triangular form to the bile
hepatic acini
- oxygenation of hepatocytes
- organization for oxygenation of hepatocytes
- most oxygenated near portal triads (hepatic arteriole supplies blood)
- least oxygenated at central vein
hepatocytes are supplied oxygen by
hepatic arterioles
what drains bile from hepatocytes?
bile ducts
what drains blood past the hepatocytes into the central vein?
- portal vein
kupffer cells
detect and phagocytose old RBCs
the gallbladder
- stores and accumulates bile
- absorbs water and electrolytes
- maintains bile
- muscular for contractions of bile into duodenum
- has muscularis externa
- dilates through extension of mucosal folds
storage of electrolytes and minerals can cause
gall bladder stones
