Salivary glands :1 -gross anatomy and development Flashcards
What is included in the general structure of salivary gland?
- Secretory end pieces (acini)
- ducts
- connective tissue
Name the 4 ducts and the functional arrangement of the salivary gland.
- acinus
- intercalated duct
- striated duct
- secretory duct
Name the epithelium structural units of a salivary gland.
• Secretory End-Pieces (Acini) • Ducts – Intercalated – Striated – Secretory • Myoepithelial Cells – on acini – on ducts
Name the connective tissue structural units of a salivary gland.
• Capsule • Septa – Divide gland into > Lobes > Lobules (smaller) • surrounds all epithelial units • carries – blood supply – nerve supply - Lymph
what are the subdivisions of salivary gland created by?
connective tissue septa
what are the largest units and what are they separated by?
- Lobes
- separated by thick septa
What are the smaller units and what are they separated by?
- Lobules
- Separated by thin septa
what do lobules contain?
intercalated and striated ducts (interlobular ducts)
Name the 3 major salivary glands?
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
what gland is mainly serous (95%)?
Parotid
what gland is mixed/mainly serous (60%)?
submandibular
what gland is mixed/mainly mucous (75%)?
sublingual
what are the small differences between major and minor glands?
- smaller
- shorter ducts
what type of salvia do minor glands produce?
mainly mucous
where are minor salivary glands found?
• In oral mucosa – Virtually everywhere except gingival and alveolar mucosae • Labial glands • Buccal glands • Palatal glands • Lingual glands
What are the 3 lingual (minor) salivary glands?
- anterior mucous glands
- serous glands of von Ebner
- posterior mucous glands
Name the innervation of salivary glands.
• Dual Supply
– Both branches of Autonomic Nervous System
> Parasympathetic
> Sympathetic
Describe in detail the innervation to palatal glands via the VII facial nerve.
-Parasympathetic VII cranial facial nerve :
- superior salivary nucleus
- greater petrosal nerve
- spheno-palatine ganglion
- palatal glands
Describe in detail the innervation to submandibular, sublingual ,lingual labial (buccal) glands via VII facial nerve.
-Parasympathetic VII cranial facial nerve :
- superior salivary nucleus
- Chorda tympani
- submandibular ganglion
- submandibular, sublingual ,lingual labial (buccal) glands
Describe in detail the innervation to parotid and buccal glands via IX glossopharnyeal nerve.
-Parasympathetic IX cranial (glossopharyngeal) nerve
- inferior salivatory nucleus
- lesser petrosal nerve
- otic ganglion
- parotid and buccal glands
Describe the sympathetic innervation of salivary glands via upper thoracic spinal nerves.
-Sympathetic upper thoracic spinal nerves
- lateral horns
- sympathetic chain
- superior cervical ganglion
- trigeminal branches blood vessels
- salivary glands
what does innervation of acini result in?
- increased active pumping of ions
- increased exocytosis of formed elements
what does innervation of ducts result in?
-increased active pumping of ions
what does innervation of myoepithelial cells result in?
contraction
what does the innervation of blood feels result in?
- vasodilation (parasympathetic)
- Vasoconstriction (sympathetic)
when does development of salivary glands start?
6th week i.u.l (parotid)
what is the epithelium of the parotid and mot minor glands ?
Ectoderm
what is the epithelium of the submandibular and sublingual glands?
Ectoderm ?
endoderm ?
-contraversial
what is the epithelium of the some/all lingual minor glands ?
endoderm
what is the epithelium of connective tissue?
Probably ectomesenchyme
mesoderm
How does the salivary glands develop?
-epithelial -mesenchymal interactions
-epithelial proliferation
-lobule formation (collagen forms septa)
-epithelial canalisation and cellular differentiation
(continuing process -formation of lobules , acini etc)
What forms the septa between lobules?
collagen
what does cellular differentiation depend on?
-Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
-Nerves ;
>sympathetic supply
(parasympathetic influence overall growth of gland)
