Salivary glands :1 -gross anatomy and development

Question 1

What is included in the general structure of salivary gland?

Answer 1

• Secretory end pieces (acini)
• ducts
• connective tissue

Question 2

Name the 4 ducts and the functional arrangement of the salivary gland.

Answer 2

• acinus
• intercalated duct
• striated duct
• secretory duct

Question 3

Name the epithelium structural units of a salivary gland.

Answer 3

• Secretory End-Pieces (Acini)
• Ducts
– Intercalated
– Striated 
– Secretory
• Myoepithelial Cells
– on acini 
– on ducts

Question 4

Name the connective tissue structural units of a salivary gland.

Answer 4

• Capsule
• Septa
– Divide gland into 
> Lobes
> Lobules (smaller)
• surrounds all epithelial units
• carries
– blood supply 
– nerve supply
- Lymph

Question 5

what are the subdivisions of salivary gland created by?

Answer 5

connective tissue septa

Question 6

what are the largest units and what are they separated by?

Answer 6

• Lobes

- separated by thick septa

Question 7

What are the smaller units and what are they separated by?

Answer 7

• Lobules

- Separated by thin septa

Question 8

what do lobules contain?

Answer 8

intercalated and striated ducts (interlobular ducts)

Question 9

Name the 3 major salivary glands?

Answer 9

• parotid
• submandibular
• sublingual

Question 10

what gland is mainly serous (95%)?

Answer 10

Parotid

Question 11

what gland is mixed/mainly serous (60%)?

Answer 11

submandibular

Question 12

what gland is mixed/mainly mucous (75%)?

Answer 12

sublingual

Question 13

what are the small differences between major and minor glands?

Answer 13

• smaller

- shorter ducts

Question 14

what type of salvia do minor glands produce?

Answer 14

mainly mucous

Question 15

where are minor salivary glands found?

Answer 15

• In oral mucosa
– Virtually everywhere except gingival and alveolar mucosae
• Labial glands 
• Buccal glands 
• Palatal glands 
• Lingual glands

Question 16

What are the 3 lingual (minor) salivary glands?

Answer 16

• anterior mucous glands
• serous glands of von Ebner
• posterior mucous glands

Question 17

Name the innervation of salivary glands.

Answer 17

• Dual Supply
– Both branches of Autonomic Nervous System
> Parasympathetic
> Sympathetic

Question 18

Describe in detail the innervation to palatal glands via the VII facial nerve.

Answer 18

-Parasympathetic VII cranial facial nerve :

• superior salivary nucleus
• greater petrosal nerve
• spheno-palatine ganglion
• palatal glands

Question 19

Describe in detail the innervation to submandibular, sublingual ,lingual labial (buccal) glands via VII facial nerve.

Answer 19

-Parasympathetic VII cranial facial nerve :

• superior salivary nucleus
• Chorda tympani
• submandibular ganglion
• submandibular, sublingual ,lingual labial (buccal) glands

Question 20

Describe in detail the innervation to parotid and buccal glands via IX glossopharnyeal nerve.

Answer 20

-Parasympathetic IX cranial (glossopharyngeal) nerve

• inferior salivatory nucleus
• lesser petrosal nerve
• otic ganglion
• parotid and buccal glands

Question 21

Describe the sympathetic innervation of salivary glands via upper thoracic spinal nerves.

Answer 21

-Sympathetic upper thoracic spinal nerves

• lateral horns
• sympathetic chain
• superior cervical ganglion
• trigeminal branches blood vessels
• salivary glands

Question 22

what does innervation of acini result in?

Answer 22

• increased active pumping of ions

- increased exocytosis of formed elements

Question 23

what does innervation of ducts result in?

Answer 23

-increased active pumping of ions

Question 24

what does innervation of myoepithelial cells result in?

Answer 24

contraction

Question 25

what does the innervation of blood feels result in?

Answer 25

• vasodilation (parasympathetic)

- Vasoconstriction (sympathetic)

Question 26

when does development of salivary glands start?

Answer 26

6th week i.u.l (parotid)

Question 27

what is the epithelium of the parotid and mot minor glands ?

Answer 27

Ectoderm

Question 28

what is the epithelium of the submandibular and sublingual glands?

Answer 28

Ectoderm ?
endoderm ?
-contraversial

Question 29

what is the epithelium of the some/all lingual minor glands ?

Answer 29

endoderm

Question 30

what is the epithelium of connective tissue?

Answer 30

Probably ectomesenchyme

mesoderm

Question 31

How does the salivary glands develop?

Answer 31

-epithelial -mesenchymal interactions
-epithelial proliferation
-lobule formation (collagen forms septa)
-epithelial canalisation and cellular differentiation
(continuing process -formation of lobules , acini etc)

Question 32

What forms the septa between lobules?

Answer 32

collagen

Question 33

what does cellular differentiation depend on?

Answer 33

-Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
-Nerves ;
>sympathetic supply
(parasympathetic influence overall growth of gland)