OB S2- Control of salivary secretion Lecture 4

Question 1

What is the neural control of salivary secretion?

Answer 1

• Efferent nerves (secretomotor)
• Parasympathetic nerves (ACh release)
• Sympathetic nerves (NA)

Question 2

what do peptidergic nerves affect?

Answer 2

acinar, ductal & myoepithelial cells

Question 3

Name 3 possible neuropeptide transmitters.

Answer 3

• Substance P
• Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
• Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)

Question 4

What does myoepithelial cells receive?

Answer 4

Receive innervation from parasympathetic and sympathetic neurones

Question 5

What nuclei does the initating signal go to before parasympathetic nerves?

Answer 5

brainstem salivary nuclei

Question 6

Where does the initating signal go to before sympathetic nerves?

Answer 6

thoracic spinal cord

Question 7

What is a reflex?

Answer 7

innate, automatic, predictable, goal-directed response involving the CNS, to a known stimulus

Question 8

What is an adequate stimuli for salivary reflex?

Answer 8

usually associated with feeding

Question 9

what type of innervation does reflex control of salivary secretion have?

Answer 9

Complex secretomotor and vasomotor innervation

Question 10

what is salivary secretion dependant on?

Answer 10

reflex activity

Question 11

what is the stimuli for gustatory-salivary reflex delivered to?

Answer 11

gustatory receptors in Taste Buds

Question 12

what is the order of magnitude of secretion for different tastes?

Answer 12

SOUR > SALT > BITTER & SWEET

Question 13

when in maximal flow achieved?

Answer 13

5% Citric Acid (up to 7 ml per min)

Question 14

What do mechanoreceptive afferent neurones innervate?

Answer 14

• Periodontal ligament

* Oral mucosa •Temporomandibular joint •Muscle

Question 15

What is used to collect salvia?

Answer 15

Lashley cup and cannula

Question 16

On which side is the greater flow of salvia?

Answer 16

chewing side

Question 17

How long does salvia secretion continue?

Answer 17

as long as the stimulus is there

Question 18

What reflex does not exist in humans?

Answer 18

olfactory-parotid salivary reflex

Question 19

What reflex does exist in humans?

Answer 19

olfactory-submandibular salivary reflex

Question 20

what is the difference between salvia produced from the parotid and the submandibular?

Answer 20

the salvia produced from the parotid glqnd is more for the fucntion if chewing whereas slavia from submandibular gland is to prepare mouth for food

Question 21

What do higher centres do for initiating the signal for salivation?

Answer 21

• facilitate
• also inhibit (not at will) – i.e. dry mouth with anxiety
• but cannot enhance response

Question 22

What is the conditioned stimuli -role of higher centres?

Answer 22

An association of the stimulus with actual food intake rather than the direct oral stimulus of food intake

Question 23

what is the sensation of mouthwatering due to?

Answer 23

sudden awareness of saliva already present in the mouth

Question 24

how is the preformed salvia secreted?

Answer 24

Contraction of either salivary myoepithelial cells or facial musculature of the floor of the mouth

Question 25

what was the conditioned reflex demonstrated by?

Answer 25

Pavlov in the dog (and ourselves in the rabbit) in which a certain set of conditions normally accompany a natural stimulus