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1. ENT > Salivary Gland Pathology > Flashcards

Salivary Gland Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What would hint at a malignant salivary gland pathology?

A

young and painful

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2
Q

What is sialolithiasis?

A

salivary gland stones

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3
Q

What is a common infection of the salivary glands?

A

paramyxovirus - risk of secondary meningitis

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4
Q

What is the most common site for tumours?

A

parotid

tumours in smaller glands are more likely to be malignant

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5
Q

What is the most common salivary gland tumour?

A

pleomorphic adenoma

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6
Q

Describe a pleomorphic adenoma?

A

slow growing
indolent tumours
in parotid gland

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7
Q

What populations are affected by pleomorphic adenomas?

A

females

4-6th decade

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8
Q

Can pleomorphic adenomas become malignant?

A

yes if longstanding

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9
Q

What is the treatment for pleomorphic adenomas?

A

tricky to excise but can reocurr

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10
Q

What is a Warthins tumour?

A

bilateral and multicentric tumour

rare outwith the parotid

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11
Q

What are the risk factors of Warthins tumours?

A

males >50

smoking

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12
Q

What is the most common worldwide malignant salivary gland tumours?

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

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13
Q

What is the most common UK malignant salivary gland tumours?

A

adenoid cystic carcinoma

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14
Q

Describe a mucoepidermoid carcinoma?

A

majority in the parotid gland
wide age range
can be classified into low risk (>90% 5 year survival)
or high risk (<60% 5 year survival)

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15
Q

Describe an adenoid cystic carcinoma?

A

most common malignant tumour of the palate
35% 5 year survival
frequent perinural invasion

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16
Q

What is a common symptom of adenoid cystic carcinoma?

A

pain

loss of function

17
Q

What populations are most commonly affected by adenoid cystic carcinoma?

A

over 40years

18
Q

How are parotid tumours viewed?

A

CT scan

19
Q

What is the gold standard investigation for salivary gland tumours?

A

Ultrasound - can do FNA guided biopsy

shows the type and lobulation

20
Q

What is the order from first, to last investigations are done for salivary gland tumours?

A

USS -> FNA -> CT -> MRI -> PET

21
Q

How do salivary gland tumours present?

A

facial weakness

difficulty swallowing

22
Q

What is a non epithelial salivary gland tumour?

A

lymphoma

23
Q

What are red flags for salivary gland tumours?

A 
solid nodule
irregular or microlobulated margins
internal vascularity
interval increase in size
micro calcification
marked hypoechogenicity
metastatic lymphadenopathy

1. ENT (30 decks)

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