Salivary Gland Diseases Flashcards
3 sub categories of salivary gland diseases
Reactive
Benign
Malignant
a lesion caused by the traumatic rupture of salivary ducts, resulting in the release of mucous into adjacent CT
mucous extravasation phenomenon
most common form of mucous extravasation phenomenon, a mucous-containing cystic lesion commonly found on the lower lip
mucocele
Depending on its size, mucoceles can appear blue because of 3 reasons:
- tissue cyanosis
- vascular congestion
- translucency of underlying fluid
*Think: CCF
mucocele on the floor of the mouth
ranula (means frog’s belly)
tx for a mucocele
complete excision, must remove entire affected salivary gland or risk higher chance of recurrence
the same as the mucous extravasation phenomenon except this is a histologically true cyst (lined by epithelium)
mucous retention cyst
cause of a mucocele vs mucous retention cyst
Mucocele- trauma
Mucous retention cyst- blockage of salivary ducts by sialolith (calcified mass)
a rapidly expanding ulcerative lesion usually located towards the back of the hard palate, this condition is usually due to ischemic necrosis of minor salivary glands as a result of trauma or local anesthesia
necrotizing sialometaplasia
cause of necrotizing sialometaplasia
ischemic necrosis of minor salivary glands as a result of trauma or local anesthsia
tx for necrotizing sialometaplasia
self heals in 6-10 weeks
a hyperimmune multi-systemic disease with rare oral involvement that affects salivary glands and mucosa, this condition may be triggered by mycobacteria (the primary etiology of TB) and is therefore primarily a pulmonary disease
sarcoidosis
bacteria that may trigger sarcoidosis
mycobacteria, the primary etiology of TB
oral manifestation of sarcoidosis
xerostomia
2 conditions linked to sarcoidosis:
Lofgren’s syndrome- arthritis, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and erythema nodosum
Heerfordt’s syndrome- anterior uveitis, parotid gland enlargement, facial nerve palsy, and fever
tx of sarcoidosis
corticosteroids
syndrome characterized by arthritis, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and erythema nodosum
Lofgren’s syndrome
syndrome characterized by anterior uveitis, parotid gland enlargement, facial nerve palsy, and fever
Heefordt’s syndrome
cyst caused by the blockage of glands in the sinus mucosa, can only be observed radiographically, appears as a bump along the base of the sinus floor
sinus retention cyst (aka antral pseudocyst)
tx for sinus retention cyst
none needed
an autoimmune disease affecting salivary and tear glands, leading to dry mouth and eyes
Sjogren’s syndrome
Two stages of Sjogren’s syndrome:
Primary- characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) and xerostomia (dry mouth)
Secondary- same as primary + another autoimmune disease (usually RA, which typically involves TMJ disorders)
antibodies common in Sjogren’s syndrome patients
ANA (antinuclear antibody)
RF (rheumatoid factor)
SSA (Sjogren syndrome A)
SSB (Sjogren syndrome B)
a benign salivary gland tumor developing in the upper lip and parotid gland
monomorphic adenoma
