Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors

Question 1

a benign cyst occurring in gnathic bones

Answer 1

calcifying odontogenic cyst (aka Gorlin cyst)

Question 2

another name for calcifying odontogenic cyst

Answer 2

Gorlin cyst

Question 3

This is a rare and unpredictable cyst involving ghost cells, or empty spaces where keratin occupies the space of the nucleus, that undergoes calcification. This causes radio-densities that can be detected radiographically.

Answer 3

COC

Question 4

2nd MC type of odontogenic cyst

Answer 4

dentigerous cyst

Question 5

teeth affected by a dentigerous cyst

Answer 5

canines and 3rd molars

Question 6

characterized by the accumulation of fluid between the crown and reduced enamel epithelium

Answer 6

dentigerous cyst

Question 7

A dentigerous cyst is called this if it occurs over erupting teeth. This can be detected radiographically via radiolucency attached to the CEJ of the impacted tooth.

Answer 7

eruption cyst

Question 8

tx of dentigerous cyst

Answer 8

excision, but this could give rise to future odontogenic tumor

Question 9

a gingival cyst formed near the mandibular canine and premolar regions

Answer 9

gingival cyst (adults)

Question 10

this cyst is the soft tissue counterpart of lateral periodontal cysts, has no radiolucency

Answer 10

gingival cyst (adults)

Question 11

tx of gingival cyst of the adult

Answer 11

excision

Question 12

• raised nodules that appear as small, isolated, or multiple cysts
• the rests of dental lamina epithelialize these lesions, making them true cysts, which have different names depending on where in the mouth they form

Answer 12

gingival cyst (newborn)

Question 13

2 locations of gingival cysts of newborns

Answer 13

Bohn’s nodules- lateral palate
Epstein’s pearls- midline palate

Question 14

tx of gingival cyst of newborns

Answer 14

none needed as the cysts involute during aging

Question 15

a rare, aggressive, and recurrent cyst that commonly forms in the posterior ascending mandibular ramus

Answer 15

keratocystic odontogneic tumor (KCOT)

Question 16

this tumor is characterized by thin corrugated parakeratinized epithelium

Answer 16

KCOT

Question 17

KCOT is associated with this fatal syndrome

Answer 17

Gorlin syndrome

Question 18

characteristics of Gorlin syndrome (aka nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome)

Answer 18

• multiple KCOTs
• multiple BCCs
• calcified falx cerebri

Question 19

tx of KCOT

Answer 19

aggressive enucleation

Question 20

a non-inflammatory cyst forming on the lateral surface of a vital tooth

Answer 20

lateral periodontal cyst

Question 21

MC location of lateral periodontal cyst

Answer 21

mandibular premolar region

Question 22

tx of lateral periodontal cyst

Answer 22

excision

Question 23

a cyst that forms where a tooth should have formed but is missing

Answer 23

primordial cyst

Question 24

common location of primordial cysts

Answer 24

mandibular 3rd molar region

Question 25

tx of primordial cyst

Answer 25

complete removal

Question 26

MC odontogenic cyst

Answer 26

radicular cyst (aka periapical cyst)

Question 27

Where does a radicular cyst originate from?

Answer 27

epithelial remnants of the PDL

Question 28

radiolucency observed at the apex of the affected non-vital tooth

Answer 28

radicular cyst (periapical cyst)

Question 29

inflammation caused by pulp necrosis is responsible for this cyst

Answer 29

radicular cyst (periapical cyst)

Question 30

acute vs chronic inflammation of a radicular cyst

Answer 30

Acute inflammation leads to an abscess Chronic inflammation leads to granuloma formation

Question 31

epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM), or residual cells from tooth development, from Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) encapsulate the lesion within the pocket of inflammation, allowing it to be a true cyst (HERS --> ERM --> cyst)

Answer 31

radicular cyst

Question 32

tx of radicular cyst

Answer 32

root canal, apicoectomy, or tooth extraction with curettage

Question 33

Odontogenic tumors are derived from ________, and are unique to the jaw because _______.

Answer 33

the bone / they are derived from epithelial and mesenchymal cells involved in the formation of teeth

Question 34

a rare, benign, painless, noninvasive, and slow growing lesion often misdiagnosed as an odontogenic cyst

Answer 34

AOT (adenomatoid odontogenic tumor)

Question 35

this tumor contains epithelial duct-like spaces, hence the prefix adeno (meaning gland) as well as enameloid material

Answer 35

AOT

Question 36

tx and prognosis of AOT

Answer 36

surgical excision with good prognosis

Question 37

benign, but behaves similar to an aggressive malignant tumor by eroding through tooth roots and the cortical plate

Answer 37

ameloblastoma

Question 38

tx of ameloblastoma

Answer 38

wide excision as too conservative can lead to high recurrence

Question 39

a rare benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor that often occurs in children and teens

Answer 39

ameloblastic fibroma

Question 40

MC location of ameloblastic fibroma

Answer 40

posterior mandible, in myxomatous CT

Question 41

ameloblastic fibroma with an odontoma also present

Answer 41

ameloblastic fibro-odontoma

Question 42

tx of ameloblastic fibroma

Answer 42

surgical excision

Question 43

aka Pindborg tumor

Answer 43

calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT)

Question 44

tumor characterized by scattered-dense areas of calcification that appear as a "driven snow" radiolucency

Answer 44

CEOT

Question 45

histologically, Leisegang rings are observed

Answer 45

CEOT

Question 46

amorphous pink amyloid proteins with concentric calcifications observed histologically with CEOTs

Answer 46

Leisegang rings

Question 47

tx of CEOT

Answer 47

surgical excision with good prognosis

Question 48

neoplasm characterized by sheets of cementum that create a well circumscribed RO mass, the root of the tooth becomes replaced by a ball of cementum and cementoblasts

Answer 48

cementoblastoma

Question 49

tx of cementoblastoma

Answer 49

surgical excision and extraction

Question 50

appearing as an asymptomatic expansion of the cortical plate of the mandible or maxilla, this tumor has dense collagen with strains of epithelium

Answer 50

central odontogenic fibroma (COF)

Question 51

Two forms of COF:

Answer 51

Central- occurs in bone, has a well-defined multilocular radiolucency Peripheral- occurs in gum tissue, so no radiolucency as no bone has been eroded away

Question 52

form of COF that occurs in bone and has a well-defined multilocular radiolucency (similar to ameloblastoma)

Answer 52

COF

Question 53

form of COF that occurs in gum tissue, so no radiolucency as no bone has been eroded away

Answer 53

peripheral COF

Question 54

this tumor has myxomatous CT that has a pulp-like material with very little collagen (slimy stroma)

Answer 54

odontogenic myxoma

Question 55

radiographically, this has messy radiolucency with a honeycomb pattern and unclear borders

Answer 55

odontogenic myxoma

Question 56

tx of odontogenic myxoma

Answer 56

surgical excision with moderate recurrence

Question 57

RO lesion composed of dental hard tissues that can block eruption and cause impaction

Answer 57

odontoma

Question 58

Two forms of an odontoma:

Answer 58

Compound- mostly in anterior region, just a bunch of mini teeth Complex- mostly in posterior region, appears more like a messy conglomerate mass of tissue

Question 59

syndrome that involves multiple odontomas and intestinal polyps, patients diagnosed with this syndrome have a higher risk of early colorectal cancer

Answer 59

Gardner syndrome