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Oral Path > Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors > Flashcards

Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

a benign cyst occurring in gnathic bones

A

calcifying odontogenic cyst (aka Gorlin cyst)

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2
Q

another name for calcifying odontogenic cyst

A

Gorlin cyst

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3
Q

This is a rare and unpredictable cyst involving ghost cells, or empty spaces where keratin occupies the space of the nucleus, that undergoes calcification. This causes radio-densities that can be detected radiographically.

A

COC

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4
Q

2nd MC type of odontogenic cyst

A

dentigerous cyst

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5
Q

teeth affected by a dentigerous cyst

A

canines and 3rd molars

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6
Q

characterized by the accumulation of fluid between the crown and reduced enamel epithelium

A

dentigerous cyst

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7
Q

A dentigerous cyst is called this if it occurs over erupting teeth. This can be detected radiographically via radiolucency attached to the CEJ of the impacted tooth.

A

eruption cyst

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8
Q

tx of dentigerous cyst

A

excision, but this could give rise to future odontogenic tumor

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9
Q

a gingival cyst formed near the mandibular canine and premolar regions

A

gingival cyst (adults)

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10
Q

this cyst is the soft tissue counterpart of lateral periodontal cysts, has no radiolucency

A

gingival cyst (adults)

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11
Q

tx of gingival cyst of the adult

A

excision

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12
Q
  • raised nodules that appear as small, isolated, or multiple cysts
  • the rests of dental lamina epithelialize these lesions, making them true cysts, which have different names depending on where in the mouth they form
A

gingival cyst (newborn)

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13
Q

2 locations of gingival cysts of newborns

A

Bohn’s nodules- lateral palate
Epstein’s pearls- midline palate

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14
Q

tx of gingival cyst of newborns

A

none needed as the cysts involute during aging

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15
Q

a rare, aggressive, and recurrent cyst that commonly forms in the posterior ascending mandibular ramus

A

keratocystic odontogneic tumor (KCOT)

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16
Q

this tumor is characterized by thin corrugated parakeratinized epithelium

A

KCOT

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17
Q

KCOT is associated with this fatal syndrome

A

Gorlin syndrome

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18
Q

characteristics of Gorlin syndrome (aka nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome)

A
  • multiple KCOTs
  • multiple BCCs
  • calcified falx cerebri
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19
Q

tx of KCOT

A

aggressive enucleation

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20
Q

a non-inflammatory cyst forming on the lateral surface of a vital tooth

A

lateral periodontal cyst

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21
Q

MC location of lateral periodontal cyst

A

mandibular premolar region

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22
Q

tx of lateral periodontal cyst

A

excision

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23
Q

a cyst that forms where a tooth should have formed but is missing

A

primordial cyst

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24
Q

common location of primordial cysts

A

mandibular 3rd molar region

25
Q

tx of primordial cyst

A

complete removal

26
Q

MC odontogenic cyst

A

radicular cyst (aka periapical cyst)

27
Q

Where does a radicular cyst originate from?

A

epithelial remnants of the PDL

28
Q

radiolucency observed at the apex of the affected non-vital tooth

A

radicular cyst (periapical cyst)

29
Q

inflammation caused by pulp necrosis is responsible for this cyst

A

radicular cyst (periapical cyst)

30
Q

acute vs chronic inflammation of a radicular cyst

A

Acute inflammation leads to an abscess
Chronic inflammation leads to granuloma formation

31
Q

epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM), or residual cells from tooth development, from Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) encapsulate the lesion within the pocket of inflammation, allowing it to be a true cyst

(HERS –> ERM –> cyst)

A

radicular cyst

32
Q

tx of radicular cyst

A

root canal, apicoectomy, or tooth extraction with curettage

33
Q

Odontogenic tumors are derived from ________, and are unique to the jaw because _______.

A

the bone / they are derived from epithelial and mesenchymal cells involved in the formation of teeth

34
Q

a rare, benign, painless, noninvasive, and slow growing lesion often misdiagnosed as an odontogenic cyst

A

AOT (adenomatoid odontogenic tumor)

35
Q

this tumor contains epithelial duct-like spaces, hence the prefix adeno (meaning gland) as well as enameloid material

A

AOT

36
Q

tx and prognosis of AOT

A

surgical excision with good prognosis

37
Q

benign, but behaves similar to an aggressive malignant tumor by eroding through tooth roots and the cortical plate

A

ameloblastoma

38
Q

tx of ameloblastoma

A

wide excision as too conservative can lead to high recurrence

39
Q

a rare benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor that often occurs in children and teens

A

ameloblastic fibroma

40
Q

MC location of ameloblastic fibroma

A

posterior mandible, in myxomatous CT

41
Q

ameloblastic fibroma with an odontoma also present

A

ameloblastic fibro-odontoma

42
Q

tx of ameloblastic fibroma

A

surgical excision

43
Q

aka Pindborg tumor

A

calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT)

44
Q

tumor characterized by scattered-dense areas of calcification that appear as a “driven snow” radiolucency

A

CEOT

45
Q

histologically, Leisegang rings are observed

A

CEOT

46
Q

amorphous pink amyloid proteins with concentric calcifications observed histologically with CEOTs

A

Leisegang rings

47
Q

tx of CEOT

A

surgical excision with good prognosis

48
Q

neoplasm characterized by sheets of cementum that create a well circumscribed RO mass, the root of the tooth becomes replaced by a ball of cementum and cementoblasts

A

cementoblastoma

49
Q

tx of cementoblastoma

A

surgical excision and extraction

50
Q

appearing as an asymptomatic expansion of the cortical plate of the mandible or maxilla, this tumor has dense collagen with strains of epithelium

A

central odontogenic fibroma (COF)

51
Q

Two forms of COF:

A

Central- occurs in bone, has a well-defined multilocular radiolucency

Peripheral- occurs in gum tissue, so no radiolucency as no bone has been eroded away

52
Q

form of COF that occurs in bone and has a well-defined multilocular radiolucency (similar to ameloblastoma)

A

COF

53
Q

form of COF that occurs in gum tissue, so no radiolucency as no bone has been eroded away

A

peripheral COF

54
Q

this tumor has myxomatous CT that has a pulp-like material with very little collagen (slimy stroma)

A

odontogenic myxoma

55
Q

radiographically, this has messy radiolucency with a honeycomb pattern and unclear borders

A

odontogenic myxoma

56
Q

tx of odontogenic myxoma

A

surgical excision with moderate recurrence

57
Q

RO lesion composed of dental hard tissues that can block eruption and cause impaction

A

odontoma

58
Q

Two forms of an odontoma:

A

Compound- mostly in anterior region, just a bunch of mini teeth

Complex- mostly in posterior region, appears more like a messy conglomerate mass of tissue

59
Q

syndrome that involves multiple odontomas and intestinal polyps, patients diagnosed with this syndrome have a higher risk of early colorectal cancer

A

Gardner syndrome

Oral Path (13 decks)

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