Bacterial Infections Flashcards
bacteria that causes actinomycosis
Actinomyces israelii
this is an opportunistic, chronic, and granulomatous infection with two main types (periapical and cervicofacial)
actinomycosis
periapical vs cervicofacial actinomycosis infection
Periapical = jaw infection Cervicofacial = head and neck infection
most common characteristic of actinomycosis
presence of sulfur granules in the purulent exudate
tx of actinomycosis
long-term high dose penicillin
bacteria that causes gonorrhea
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- infection that usually impact the urethra, rectum, or throat
- oral manifestations are extremely rare
gonorrhea
bacteria that causes syphilis
Treponema palliidum
a bacterial infection usually spread by sexual contact that starts as a painless sore on the genitals, rectum, or mouth, but can become a systemic condition
syphilis
3 different types of syphilis lesions:
1) Primary lesion- chancre, a painless genital ulcer, forms
2) Secondary lesion- oral mucous patch, condyloma latum, or maculopapular rash are observed
3) Tertiary lesion- gumma, or a soft tumor-like growth forms, CNS and cardiovascular systems become involved
Which phase of syphilis is this? chancre forms (painless, genital ulcer)
primary
Which phase of syphilis is this? oral mucous patch, condyloma latum, or maculopapular rash
secondary
Which phase of syphilis is this? gumma, or soft tumor-like growth forms, CNS and cardiovascular systems become involved
tertiary
Which phase of syphilis is this? Hutchinson’s triad pattern of presentation (notched incisors, mulberry molars, deafness, and ocular keratitis)
congenital syphilis
a bacterial infection caused by Group A Strep (such as Streptococcus pyogenes) that develops when strep throat becomes a systemic infection
scarlet fever
strawberry tongue is a characteristic oral manifestation, and appears as a white-coated tongue with inflamed red fungiform papillae
scarlet fever
tx of scarlet fever
penicillin
infection caused by inhalation of a bacteria that results in oral non-healing chronic ulcers that follow the characteristic lung infection
tuberculosis
bacteria that causes tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Which phase of tuberculosis is this? involves the formation of the Ghon complex, which forms when inhaled bacteria becomes surrounded in a granuloma that undergoes caseating necrosis (type of cell death with cheese-like appearance), the hilar lymph node (located at the root of the lung) draining the first lesion becomes infected
primary infection with tuberculosis
Which phase of tuberculosis is this? the lung infection becomes more widespread, and pulmonary cavitation is observed
secondary infection
Which phase of tuberculosis is this? systemic spread of tuberculosis
miliary infection
tx of tuberculosis
multi-drug therapy involving isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol
