Bacterial Infections

Question 1

bacteria that causes actinomycosis

Answer 1

Actinomyces israelii

Question 2

this is an opportunistic, chronic, and granulomatous infection with two main types (periapical and cervicofacial)

Answer 2

actinomycosis

Question 3

periapical vs cervicofacial actinomycosis infection

Answer 3

Periapical = jaw infection 
Cervicofacial = head and neck infection

Question 4

most common characteristic of actinomycosis

Answer 4

presence of sulfur granules in the purulent exudate

Question 5

tx of actinomycosis

Answer 5

long-term high dose penicillin

Question 6

bacteria that causes gonorrhea

Answer 6

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 7

• infection that usually impact the urethra, rectum, or throat
• oral manifestations are extremely rare

Answer 7

gonorrhea

Question 8

bacteria that causes syphilis

Answer 8

Treponema palliidum

Question 9

a bacterial infection usually spread by sexual contact that starts as a painless sore on the genitals, rectum, or mouth, but can become a systemic condition

Answer 9

syphilis

Question 10

3 different types of syphilis lesions:

Answer 10

1) Primary lesion- chancre, a painless genital ulcer, forms
2) Secondary lesion- oral mucous patch, condyloma latum, or maculopapular rash are observed
3) Tertiary lesion- gumma, or a soft tumor-like growth forms, CNS and cardiovascular systems become involved

Question 11

Which phase of syphilis is this? chancre forms (painless, genital ulcer)

Answer 11

primary

Question 12

Which phase of syphilis is this? oral mucous patch, condyloma latum, or maculopapular rash

Answer 12

secondary

Question 13

Which phase of syphilis is this? gumma, or soft tumor-like growth forms, CNS and cardiovascular systems become involved

Answer 13

tertiary

Question 14

Which phase of syphilis is this? Hutchinson’s triad pattern of presentation (notched incisors, mulberry molars, deafness, and ocular keratitis)

Answer 14

congenital syphilis

Question 15

a bacterial infection caused by Group A Strep (such as Streptococcus pyogenes) that develops when strep throat becomes a systemic infection

Answer 15

scarlet fever

Question 16

strawberry tongue is a characteristic oral manifestation, and appears as a white-coated tongue with inflamed red fungiform papillae

Answer 16

scarlet fever

Question 17

tx of scarlet fever

Answer 17

penicillin

Question 18

infection caused by inhalation of a bacteria that results in oral non-healing chronic ulcers that follow the characteristic lung infection

Answer 18

tuberculosis

Question 19

bacteria that causes tuberculosis

Answer 19

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 20

Which phase of tuberculosis is this? involves the formation of the Ghon complex, which forms when inhaled bacteria becomes surrounded in a granuloma that undergoes caseating necrosis (type of cell death with cheese-like appearance), the hilar lymph node (located at the root of the lung) draining the first lesion becomes infected

Answer 20

primary infection with tuberculosis

Question 21

Which phase of tuberculosis is this? the lung infection becomes more widespread, and pulmonary cavitation is observed

Answer 21

secondary infection

Question 22

Which phase of tuberculosis is this? systemic spread of tuberculosis

Answer 22

miliary infection

Question 23

tx of tuberculosis

Answer 23

multi-drug therapy involving isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol