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Oral Path > Developmental Conditions > Flashcards

Developmental Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Cleft lip is an opening or split between these two embryological structures that should normally fuse together.

A

median nasal process and maxillary process

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2
Q

Cleft palate is an opening or split between these two embryological structures that should normally fuse together.

A

palatal shelves

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3
Q

% of cases of cleft lip that are unilateral vs bilateral

A

80% unilateral
20% bilateral

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4
Q

prevalence of cleft lip

A

very rare, fewer than 20,000 US cases/year

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5
Q

tx of cleft lip

A

surgery restores normal function, speech therapy may be helpful

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6
Q

ectopic sebaceous glands found on the vermillion border of the lips or around the oral cavity, often most prominent around puberty

A

fordyce granules

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7
Q

yellow-white papules that may be hyperplastic or nodular

A

fordyce granules

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8
Q

prevalence of fordyce granules

A

common, occurs in 70-80% of adults

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9
Q

tx of fordyce granules

A

completely benign, no tx necessary

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10
Q

deep and prominent grooves and fissures across the tongue surface

A

fissured tongue

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11
Q

benign condition associated with fissured tongue, rare neurological disorder that includes a fissured tongue + granulomatous cheilitis + facial paralysis

A

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

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12
Q

prevalence of fissured tongue

A

common, affects 2-5% of US population

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13
Q

tx of fissured tongue

A

no tx

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14
Q

another name for geographic tongue

A

erythema migrans or benign migratory glossitis

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15
Q

loss of papillae resulting in red patches that migrate over time, look for characteristic white ringed lesion surrounding the red patches

A

geographic tongue

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16
Q

prevalence of geographic tongue

A

very common with more than 3 million US cases/year

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17
Q

tx of geographic tongue (asymptomatic vs symptomatic)

A

none if asymptomatic, topical corticosteroid if symptomatic

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18
Q

white or white/gray swollen fluid lesion of buccal or labial oral mucosa, the lesion dissipates when tissue is stretched (as a result of the edematous quality of the lesion)

A

leukoedema

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19
Q

somewhat rare, mostly seen among black men

A

leukoedema

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20
Q

tx of leukoedema

A

completely benign, no tx necessary

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21
Q

mass of thyroid tissue at the midline base of tongue

A

lingual thyroid

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22
Q

Where can lingual thyroid be found?

A

located along the embryonic path of embryonic descent, can be found between foramen cecum of tongue and just past the larynx

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23
Q

If lingual thyroid is found past the foramen cecum, then the condition is known as ________ and may be visible on the skin surface.

A

thyroglossal duct cyst

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24
Q

prevalence of lingual thyroid

A

very rare, reported incidence of 1 in 100,000

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25
Q

tx of lingual thyroid

A

surgical methods include excision or autotransplantation in muscle, non-surgical methods include hormonal therapy or radioactive ablation

26
Q

pits and fistulas that occur near lip commissures or midline

A

lip pits

27
Q

condition in which the patient presents with cleft lip/palate + lip pits

A

Van der Woude syndrome

28
Q

prevalence of lip pits

A

very rare, with incidence of about 1 in 75,000 to 1 in 100,000

29
Q

tx of lip pits

A

usually doesn’t require tx, but surgical excision may be necessary for more severe cases

30
Q

What is are angiomas?

A

benign tumors that consist of small blood or lymph vessels, can be present on the skin surface or inside the oral cavity

31
Q

two examples of a skin angioma

A

Cherry angioma- small red mole that forms from accumulated capillaries and vessels
Hemangioma- a bright red birthmark that appears at birth, made up of extra blood vessels in the skin

32
Q

congenital abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels on the tongue

A

oral lymphangioma

33
Q

Oral lymphangioma is referred to as _______ when it occurs in the neck (more common than oral lymphangioma).

A

cystic hygroma

34
Q

a syndrome involving lymphangioma in which angiomas form on the leptomeninges and skin along the trigeminal nerve

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome

35
Q

prevalence of oral lymphangioma

A

very rare, 1-2/1000 newborns

36
Q

tx of oral lymphangioma

A

surgical excision, radiation therapy, or steroid administration

37
Q

incidences of excessive cortical bone growth

A

exostoses

38
Q

abnormal, usually noncancerous growths filled with liquid, air, or other substances

A

cysts

39
Q

cyst within a lymph node of the neck that ‘branches’ out from branchial cleft

A

branchial cyst (aka cleft sinus)

40
Q

another name for branchial cyst

A

cleft sinus

41
Q

most common congenital cause of neck mass

A

branchial cyst

42
Q

mass of tissue collecting under the skin that usually appears at birth, can contain structures such as hair, fluid, teeth, or skin glands

A

dermoid cyst

43
Q

Two possible locations of a dermoid cyst:

A

depending on whether the cyst forms above the mylohyoid bone or below it will be on the floor of the mouth (above) or in the upper neck (below)

44
Q

prevalence of dermoid cyst

A

common, mostly found in children age 5 and younger

45
Q

tx of dermoid cyst

A

surgical removal

46
Q
  • a cyst appearing between a maxillary lateral incisor and the adjacent canine
  • appears as an inverted pear-shaped radiolucency
  • can cause roots of adjacent teeth to diverge
  • not a diagnosis, and not considered a distinct, classifiable entity
A

globulomaxillary lesion

47
Q

tx of a globulomaxillary lesion

A

surgical removal

48
Q

a nonodontogenic developmental cyst that appears as a heart-shaped radiolucency in the nasopalatine canal

A

nasopalatine cyst

49
Q

most common nonodontogenic cyst

A

nasopalatine cyst

50
Q

tx of a nasopalatine cyst

A

surgical removal

51
Q

cyst within lymphoid tissue of oral mucosa, appear white or yellowish in color

A

oral lymphoepithelial cyst

52
Q

common regions for oral lymphoepithelial cysts to appear

A

palatine and lingual tonsils

53
Q

depression of the mandible on the lingual surface, appears as oval shaped radiolucency in posterior mandible beneath the mandibular canal

A

Stafne bone defect

54
Q

referred to as a pseudocyst because it can be mistaken for one from a radiograph

A

Stafne bone defect

55
Q

prevalence of a Stafne bone defect

A

rare, more often found in males over 40 yo

56
Q

tx of Stafne bone defect

A

none required

57
Q

an asymptomatic non-epithelial lined cavity of the jaw that appears as a large radiolucency scalloped around roots

A

traumatic bone cyst, simple bone cyst, idiopathic bone cavity

58
Q

prevalence of a traumatic bone cyst

A

rare, mainly diagnosed in young adults, usually associated with jaw trauma

59
Q

usually associated with jaw trauma

A

traumatic bone cyst, simple bone cyst, idiopathic bone cavity

60
Q

tx of traumatic bone cyst

A

varies from none required to surgical intervention

Oral Path (13 decks)

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