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PMLS 2 > Safety in Phlebotomy > Flashcards

Safety in Phlebotomy Flashcards

1
Q

Procedures that are often established to protect the health care associate from being infected by the patient, vise versa.

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection, Community-Acquired infection

A

Infection Control

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2
Q

Acquired before 48 hours after admission to the hospital

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection, Community-Acquired infection

A

Community-Acquired infection

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3
Q

Also known as health
care-associated or hospital-acquired infection

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection, Community-Acquired infection

A

Nosocomial infection

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4
Q

Infection prior to admission

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection, Community-Acquired infection

A

Community-Acquired infection

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5
Q

Within 30 days after discharge from a healthcare facility

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection, Community-Acquired infection

A

Nosocomial infection

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6
Q

Organisms that cause
the infection and disease spread from person to person.

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection, Community-Acquired infection

A

Communicable Infection

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7
Q

Also known as reservoir

CHOICES:
Infection Control, Source, Communicable Infection, Nosocomial infection

A

Source

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8
Q

Source and host can be the same. True or False

A

True

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9
Q

infection from the source’s own flora

A

Autogenous infection

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10
Q

Key to infection concept

A

Susceptible host

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11
Q

In order for infection to break: Patient isolation, nursery precautions, healthy lifestyle,
immunization. True or False

A

True

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12
Q

Physical transfer of infective material from the source to a susceptible host

CHOICES:
Direct contact, Indirect contact, Vehicle, Vector, Airborne, Droplet

A

Direct contact

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13
Q

Transfer of infective material via an object, such as bed linen, instruments, etc.

CHOICES:
Direct contact, Indirect contact, Vehicle, Vector, Airborne, Droplet

A

Indirect contact

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14
Q

Transfer through the nose, mouth, eyes by coughing, sneezing, or talking

CHOICES:
Direct contact, Indirect contact, Vehicle, Vector, Airborne, Droplet

A

Droplet

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15
Q

Transfer of infective material through contaminated items
such as food, water, and blood

CHOICES:
Direct contact, Indirect contact, Vehicle, Vector, Airborne, Droplet

A

Vehicle

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16
Q

Droplets that transfer on air currents, such as tuberculosis and transfers through coughing, sneezing, and talking

CHOICES:
Direct contact, Indirect contact, Vehicle, Vector, Airborne, Droplet

A

Airborne

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17
Q

Transmission by insects, such as malaria which is transmitted mosquitoes

CHOICES:
Direct contact, Indirect contact, Vehicle, Vector, Airborne, Droplet

A

Vector

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18
Q

In order to break the transmission link: Hand hygiene, patient isolation, wear PPE. True or False

A

True

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19
Q

Means to enter the

susceptible host/reservoir

A

Portal of Entry

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20
Q

The Portal of entry can be the same as the portal of exit. True or False

A

True

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21
Q

Mucous membranes (mouth, nose, eyes), Gastrointestinal tract, Respiratory tract, Broken skin

A

Portal of Entry

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22
Q

Excretion, Secretions, Droplets

A

Portal of Exit

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23
Q

Assumes that all blood and body fluids are potentially infectious

A

Universal Precautions

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24
Q

Universal precautions evolved into a system called Body Substance Isolation (BSI); the key change was the requirement that gloves be worn when a health care provider is in contact with any body substance. True or False

A

True

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25
Q

Maintain that personal protective equipment and barrier controls must be worn for contact with all body fluid, whether or not blood is visible

A

Standard Precautions

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26
Q

The goal of standard precautions is to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection. True or False

A

True

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27
Q

It is important to wash hands when changing gloves and between patients. True or False

A

True

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28
Q

Place intact needles/syringes and sharps in designated sharp containers. Do not bend, break, or cut needles. True or False

A

True

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29
Q

Physical and mechanical devices that are available to the health care associate to reduce or eliminate the potential to transfer infectious diseases.

A

Engineering controls

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30
Q

Puncture-proof sharps

containers should be filled only to 90% to capacity to prevent needlestick injuries. True or False

A

False - 80%

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31
Q

the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection

A

Handwashing

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32
Q

Hands must be washed after each patient contact. True or False

A

True

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33
Q

Disinfecting hard surfaces is a work practices controls. True or False

A

True

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34
Q

least expensive and most effective disinfecting solutions

A

10% household bleach

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35
Q

All needles must be covered with a safety device immediately after use and not recapped. True or False

A

True

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36
Q

Alcohol-based cleaners are acceptable if handwashing is not available. True or False

37
Q

alternative for people who are allergic to alcohol

CHOICES:
Hydrogen peroxide, Tincture of iodine or povidone-iodine, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol

A

Hydrogen peroxide

38
Q

used for skin preparation for blood cultures

CHOICES:
Hydrogen peroxide, Tincture of iodine or povidone-iodine, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol

A

2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol

39
Q

mostly used for skin preparation for blood cultures or arterial punctures

CHOICES:
Hydrogen peroxide, Tincture of iodine or povidone-iodine, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol

A

Tincture of iodine or povidone-iodine

40
Q

Benzalkonium chloride and Zephrine chloride is an alternative skin cleanser. True or False

41
Q

spills and decontaminating soiled areas should be cleaned immediately. True or False

42
Q

Broken glasses are can be picked up with the hands. True or False

A

False - Broken glasses should not be picked up with the hands

43
Q

0.1% to 1% bleach is effective against HIV while 10% to 20% bleach is effective against hepatitis viruses. True or False

44
Q

HBV Vaccination is also effective for other viruses. True or False

A

False - HBV Vaccination is not effective for other viruses.

45
Q

HBV Vaccination is effective for 10 or more years in protecting the phlebotomist from contracting the disease or becoming a carrier. True or False

A

False - 15 years

46
Q

Reduces the possibility of transmission of infection by separating the patient with a disease from other patients and health care sectors.

A

Private Rooms

47
Q

Used by a phlebotomist may include masks, goggles, face shields, gowns, and gloves.

A

PPE or Personal Protective Equipment

48
Q

An agency of the federal government that investigates

the possibility of unsafe practices in the work environment.

49
Q

CLIA level fines for noncompliance with health and safety regulations. True or False

A

False - OSHA

50
Q

OSHA requires recordkeeping of any injuries. True or False

51
Q

Produce a very significant exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

A

Sharp Hazards

52
Q

It is ok to recap a needle after being used. True or False

A

False - Never recap a needle

53
Q

All sharps must be disposed of in puncture-resistant, leakproof containers labeled with biohazard symbols. True or False

54
Q

Contains information on

physical and chemical characteristics, fire, explosion reactivity, health hazards, primary routes of entry, etc.

A

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

55
Q

All healthcare institutions are required to post evacuation routes and detailed plans to follow when a fire occurs. True or False

56
Q

the universal fire extinguisher

57
Q

It is important to keep the long hair back and removes dangling jewelry to avoid contact with equipment and patients. True or False

58
Q

Defined as any pathogenic
microorganism that is present in human blood or any other potentially infectious material and can infect and cause disease in persons who are exposed to blood containing pathogens.

A

blood-borne pathogens

59
Q

HBV, HIV, and HCV are types of blood-borne pathogens. True or False

60
Q

Limits the amount of contact time a patient has to spread an infection.

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Isolation techniques

61
Q

For patients with a contagious disease such as chickenpox, diphtheria, or pneumonia

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Strict isolation

62
Q

For patients that have a disease that can be transmitted through direct contact such as scabies

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Contact isolation

63
Q

For patients with diseases that can be transmitted through the air such as mumps, pertussis, or rubella

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Respiratory isolation

64
Q

Isolation techniques are similar to respiratory respiration

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Tuberculosis isolation

65
Q

Sometimes called the wound and skin precautions; for patients with open wounds result from abrasion, accidental skin cuts, etc.

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Drainage/Secretion precautions

66
Q

For patients with severe diarrhea due to contagious bacteria such as shigella, etc.

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Enteric precaution

67
Q

Protect the patient from the outside pathogens. For patients that are highly immunocompromised.

CHOICES:
Isolation techniques, Contact isolation, Tuberculosis isolation, Protective or Reverse isolation, Enteric precaution, Drainage/Secretion precautions, Respiratory isolation, Strict isolation

A

Protective or Reverse isolation

68
Q

Reduce the risk of air-borne, droplet, and contact transmission of pathogens.

CHOICES:
Transmission-Based Isolation, Second-tier Transmission- based precautions, Droplet precautions, Contact precautions, Airborne precautions

A

Transmission-Based Isolation

69
Q

for patients diagnosed or suspected of having transmissible disease.

CHOICES:
Transmission-Based Isolation, Second-tier Transmission- based precautions, Droplet precautions, Contact precautions, Airborne precautions

A

Second-tier Transmission- based precautions

70
Q

The microorganism can remain infective while being carried through the air on the dried residue of a droplet or a dust particle.

CHOICES:
Transmission-Based Isolation, Second-tier Transmission- based precautions, Droplet precautions, Contact precautions, Airborne precautions

A

Airborne precautions

71
Q

be transmitted on most particles produced during coughing and sneezing. - Droplets can travel only short distances through the air, less than 3 feet.

CHOICES:
Transmission-Based Isolation, Second-tier Transmission- based precautions, Droplet precautions, Contact precautions, Airborne precautions

A

Droplet precautions

72
Q

Infection can be transmitted by direct skin-to-skin contact or by indirect contact by touching objects.

CHOICES:
Transmission-Based Isolation, Second-tier Transmission- based precautions, Droplet precautions, Contact precautions, Airborne precautions

A

Contact precautions

73
Q

When collecting a blood in an isolation room it is important to bring only the necessary equipment. True or False

74
Q

Waste must be rendered noninfectious so that the people handling the waste will not become infected and the environment will not be contaminated. True or False

75
Q

Waste burned to ash kills any potentially infectious organisms and makes the items within the waste non-usable.

CHOICES:
Autoclave, Incineration, Chemical treatment

A

Incineration

76
Q

Method consists of
grinding or chopping the waste into small pellets and then treating the pellets with a disinfectant chemical to kill an infectious organism.

CHOICES:
Autoclave, Incineration, Chemical treatment

A

Chemical treatment

77
Q

Used in small operations where only a small amount of waste is generated and control tapes are placed on the biohazard bags to ensure adequacy in the sterilize.

CHOICES:
Autoclave, Incineration, Chemical treatment

78
Q

Chemicals that produce a toxic or irritant vapor must be used only in an approved chemical hood or fume hood. True or False

79
Q

In case of a chemical spill or splash to the eyes of body parts, the affected part should be flushed with flowing water for 5 minutes. True or False

A

False - 15 minutes

80
Q

Also known as irritant contact dermatitis and symptoms begin 24 to 72 hours after exposure.

A

Latex Allergy

81
Q

Three prong plug must be used in case of electrical shock. True or False

82
Q

A Type IV allergy is the most common; Type 2 latex allergy is more serious. True or False

A

False - Type 1 latex allergy

83
Q

Eliminate the use of needles when safety features and evaluate their use to determine which are most effective and acceptable. True or False

84
Q

It is important to analyze needlestick and sharp related injuries in the workplace to identify hazards and injury trends. True or False

85
Q

Defines as any exposure the health care associate to blood, body fluids, or tissues.

A

accidental biohazard exposure

86
Q

accidental biohazard exposure should be reported immediately to the supervisor. True or False

87
Q

The exposed associate must be tested for HIV or HBV only if the associate gives consent. True or False

88
Q

If the source patient refuses testing, is HIV and HBV positive, or high-risk category. The associate may elect to receive _______________

A

prophylactic treatment

89
Q

All exposed associated are counseled to be alert for viral symptoms for 12 weeks after exposure. True or False

PMLS 2 (18 decks)

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