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PMLS 2 > Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Primary factor for production of blood cells.

A

Bone Marrow

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2
Q

Sites for the production of blood cells.

A

Lymph nodes, Thymus, and Spleen

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3
Q

An adult body that weighs about 68kg or 150lbs. contains approximately 5 liters of blood. True or False

A

True

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4
Q

45 percent of blood are consists of _________

A

formed cellular elements

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5
Q

Contain antigens on the surface that determine the individual’s blood type and a variety of other factors specific to that individual

A

erythrocytes

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6
Q

Form into blast cells, maturing through several stages until they are released into the blood as mature cells.

A

leukocytes

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7
Q

They are fragments of cells that break off from a large cell metamegakaryocyte, which is found in the bone marrow.

A

Thrombocytes

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8
Q

55 percent of blood are consists of _________

A

Plasma

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9
Q

Antibodies that can react with antigens foreign to the individual are found in the patient’s plasma. True or False

A

True

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10
Q

When the blood is removed from the body, the blood clots, and the liquid portion is called ___________.

A

serum

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11
Q

The blood cells begin their formation in the bone marrow and lymph nodes as undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells. True or False

A

True

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12
Q

Formation of blood cells.

A

hematopoiesis

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13
Q

Holds oxygen molecules that were absorbed through the membrane as the erythrocytes passed through the lungs.

A

Hemoglobin

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14
Q

The process of determining if a person will react after a transfusion.

A

Type and cross-match (T&C)

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15
Q

Classifies WBCs according to the percentage of cell types and part of a complete blood cell count (CBC).

A

White blood cell differential count

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16
Q

Calculations involving the hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBCs.

A

Indices of the RBC

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17
Q

Have a thick wall that helps it withstand the pressure of the pumping heart.

A

Arteries

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18
Q

When the body gets warm, the capillaries in the extremities dilate (enlarge in diameter) and let off heat. This process then cools the body. True or False

A

True

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19
Q

Let the blood pass through but closes if the blood tries to flow backward.

A

Valves

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20
Q

Constantly expanding and contracting and therefore have a thicker, stronger wall.

A

Arteries

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21
Q

The clot contains all the formed elements intertwined together in a _________.

A

fibrin mass

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22
Q

Blood that is flowing though the body contains a protein called ____________.

A

fibrinogen

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23
Q

Once the blood leaves the body, the fibrinogen turns into __________.

A

fibrin

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24
Q

This fibrin is like a sticky spider web and traps the formed elements into the fibrin mass, which is called a _______.

25
Q

Tospeedtheremovalofthe serum, an instrument called a ___________ spins the blood.

A

centrifuge

26
Q

The carriers in the centrifuge must be balanced and assume a horizontal position to push the blood clot to the bottom of the tube. True or False

27
Q

A chemical substance that prevents the blood from clotting by preventing the fibrinogen from converting to fibrin.

A

Anticoagulant

28
Q

A thin layer that contains a mixture of leukocytes and thrombocytes

A

buffy coat

29
Q

Responsibleforoxygenatingthe blood by pumping it to the lungs

A

Right ventricle

30
Q

Has the task of pumping blood to all parts of the body.

A

Left ventricle

31
Q

A muscular wall that divides the right and left sides of the heart.

32
Q

Muscle of the heart itself

A

Myocardium

33
Q

It supplies oxygen to the surface of the heart.

A

Coronary Arteries

34
Q

Ifoneormoreofthesecoronary arteries become occluded, the myocardium in that area of the heart dies and a ___________ or heart attack results.

A

myocardial infarction

35
Q

Control the pumping action of the heart.

A

electrical stimuli

36
Q

The heart is contracted

A

systolic pressure

37
Q

Heart is relaxed between beats.

A

diastolic pressure

38
Q

Used to measure blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

39
Q

Normal blood pressure

40
Q

What are the veins that can be used by phlebotomists?

A

● Antecubital fossa (bend of the arm)
● The back of the hand
● The wrist
● The ankle or foot

41
Q

Form an M-or H-shaped pattern on the arm.

A

Antecubital fossa

42
Q

Forms a bridged pathway

between cephalic and basilic veins and used most of the time

A

median cubital vein

43
Q

Second choice for venipuncture. Along the thumb side of the arm. Not prone to rolling, but it is
slightly more difficult to feel

A

Cephalic vein

44
Q

The third choice for venipuncture. More difficult to feel and has a tendency to roll. It should be approached with caution.

A

Basilic vein

45
Q

Underlying the basilic vein is the brachial artery and median cutaneous nerve. True or False

46
Q

A physician’s permission is needed before drawing blood from the veins of the legs and feet. True or False

47
Q

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

A

Supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

48
Q

Which of the following is referred to as the “pacemaker” of the heart?

a. Purkinje fibers
b. Bundle of His
c. Sinoatrial node
d. AV node

A

c. Sinoatrial node

49
Q

Which of the following does not carry oxygenated blood?

a. Pulmonary vein
b. Pulmonary artery
c. Aorta
d. All of the above

A

b. Pulmonary artery

50
Q

The ventricles of the heart are principally responsible for

a. Receiving blood
b. Pumping blood
c. Portal circulation
d. Lubrication

A

b. Pumping blood

51
Q

Blood returns to the heart from the lungs into the

a. Right atrium
b. Pulmonary artery
c. Left atrium
d. Aorta

A

c. Left atrium

52
Q

The main function of the circulatory system is to provide

a. Transportation
b. Protection
c. Elimination
d. Absorption

A

a. Transportation

53
Q

The fluid portion of the blood after clotting has taken place is called

a. Serum
b. Plasma
c. Erythrocytes
d. The buffy coat

54
Q

The fluid portion of the whole blood that contains fibrinogen is called

a. Serum
b. Plasma
c. Erythrocytes
d. The buffy coat

55
Q

The difference between plasma and serum is

a. Plasma is only found inside the body
b. Serum contains fibrinogen; plasma does not
c. Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not
d. Serum comes from anticoagulated blood; plasma does not

A

c. Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not

56
Q

The buffy coat consists of

a. Leukocytes and plasma
b. Erythrocytes and leukocytes
c. Leukocytes only
d. Leukocytes and thrombocytes

A

d. Leukocytes and thrombocytes

57
Q

The two components of blood found in a tube of blood drawn without anticoagulant are

a. Serum and clot
b. Serum and buffy coat
c. Buffy coat and erythrocytes d. Plasma and clot

A

a. Serum and clot

58
Q
  1. The formed elements make up about ___ of the whole blood volume.

a. 45
b. 55
c. 60
d. 30

PMLS 2 (18 decks)

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