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PNS > Sacral Plexus > Flashcards

Sacral Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What spinal nerves form the sacral plexus?

A

anterior primary rami of L4,L5,S1-3 and part of S4

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2
Q

How do L4 and L5 contribute to the plexus?

A

the lumbo sacral trunk

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3
Q

where does the sacral plexus form?

A

anterior surface of the piriformis muscle

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4
Q

what do the sacral nerve roots divide into after leaving the sacral foramen?

A

anterior and posterior divisions

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5
Q

What are the branches off the anterior divisions?

A

Nerve to the quadrates femoris & Gemellus inferior
Nerve to the obturator interns and gemellus superior
pudendal nerve
pelvic splanchnic nerves

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6
Q

What nerves from the nerve to the quadrates femurs and gemellus inferior?

A

L4, L5, and S1

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7
Q

How does the nerve to the Quadratus femurs and Gemellus Inferior leave the pelvis?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

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8
Q

What motion fdoes the Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris and Gemellus Inferior contribute to?

A

lateral rotation and adduction of the thigh

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9
Q

What spinal nerves form the Obturator Internus and Gemellus superior?

A

L5, S1, S2

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10
Q

How does the nerve to the obturator internus an gemellus superior leave the pelvis?

A

the greater sciatic foramen

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11
Q

What does the nerve to the obturator internus and gemellus superior give off after leaving the pelvis?

A

branches to te gemellus superior

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12
Q

What does the nerve to the obturator internus and gemellus superior re-enter the pelvis?

A

the lesser sciatic foramen

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13
Q

Once the nerve to the obturator interns and gemellus superior re-enters the pelvis, what muscle does it supply?

A

the obturator internus

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14
Q

The muscle supplies by the nerve to the obturator interns and gemelus superior contribute to what motion?

A

lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh

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15
Q

Which spinal nerves make up the pudendal nerve?

A

S2, S3, S4

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16
Q

How does the pudendal nerve exit the pelvis?

A

the greater sciatic foramen

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17
Q

Where does the pudendal nerve travel through to the penis and clitoris?

A

the pudendal canal

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18
Q

How does the pudendal nerve get into the periosteum?

A

the lesser sciatic foramen

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19
Q

what beaches come off of the pudendal nerve within the pudendal canal?

A

inferior rectal nerve
perineal nerve
terminal branch of the pudendal nerve

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20
Q

Where do the inferior rectal nerves carry sensory information from?

A

skin around the anus and inferior 2/3 of anal canal

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21
Q

What muscle does the inferior rectal nerve supply?

A

external anal sphincter

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22
Q

What are two branches of the perineal nerve (pudendal branch)?

A

deep (motor) and superficial (sensory) branches

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23
Q

What muscle do the deep branches of the perineal nerve supply?

A

external anal sphincter
bulbospongeosum
ischiocavernosum
superficial transverse perenius

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24
Q

Where does the superficial branch of the perineal nerve bring sensory info from?

A 
posterior scrotum
urethral mucosa
bulb of penis
labium malus
external urethral orifice
vistibule
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25
Q

What is the terminal branch of the pudendal nerve?

A

the dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris

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26
Q

What does the dorsal nerve supply?

A

deep transverse perineum and urethral sphincter muscles

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27
Q

Where does the dorsal nerve carry fibers from in males?

A

corpus cavernosum
glans penis
skin covering penis

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28
Q

Where does the dorsal nerve carry fibers from in females?

A

corpus cavernosum and clitoris

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29
Q

What do the individual muscle fibers of the anterior division supply?

A

levator ani and coccygeal muscles

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30
Q

What fibers are in the Pelvic Splachnic Nerve?

A

S2, S3, S4,

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31
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division of the Sacral Plexus?

A

Nerve to the piriformis
superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve
perferating cutaneous nerve

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32
Q

What does the nerve to the piriformis supply?

A

the piriformis

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33
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to the nerve to the piriformis?

A

S1 and S2

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34
Q

What spinal nerves make up the superior gluteal nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1

35
Q

How does the superior gluteal nerve leave the plexus?

A

The greater sciatic foramen

36
Q

What two branches does the superior gluteal nerve become after leaving the pelvis?

A

superior and inferior branches

37
Q

What does the superior branch of the superior gluteal nerve supply?

A

Gluteus Medius and minimus

38
Q

What does the inferior branch of the Superior Gluteal Nerve supply?

A

Gluteus medius, gluteaus minimus, and tensor fascia lata

39
Q

The inferior gluteal nerve caries which spinal nerves?

A

L5, S1, S2

40
Q

How does the inferior gluteal nerve leave the pelvis?

A

the Greater Sciatic foramen

41
Q

What muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus maximus

42
Q

What fibers are in the perforating cutaneous nerve?

A

S2 and S3

43
Q

What structure does the perforating cutaneous nerve travel through to reach the lower medial aspects of the buttocks?

A

sacrotuberous ligament

44
Q

The Perferating Cutaneous Nerve is ALWAYS present.

A

False; sometimes it is absent, sometimes it is a branch off of the pudendal nerve

45
Q

What spinal nerves does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh carry?

A

anterior divisions of S2 and S3

posterior divisions of S1 and S2

46
Q

How does the posterior cutaneous nerve of he thigh leave the pelvis?

A

the greater sciatic foramen

47
Q

What nerve will the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh communicate with while descending the posterior thigh and inferior leg?

A

Sural nerve

48
Q

What does the Posterior Cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply?

A

skin on the posterior and medial thigh

49
Q

What is the largest nerve in the human body?

A

the Sciatic nerve

50
Q

How large is the sciatic nerve?

A

2 cm diameter

51
Q

How does the sciatic nerve leave the pelvis?

A

Through the greater sciatic foramen (below the piriformis)

52
Q

The sciatic nerve plits 2/3 the way down before the knee into which two nerves?

A

tibial and common fibular

53
Q

Which of the two sciatic nerve branches is medial?

A

Tibial nerve

54
Q

Before separating, where does the sciatic nerve branch to supply a muscle?

A

biceps femoris (short head)

55
Q

What is ter nerve course of the common fibular nerve?

A

around the lateral aspect of the fibula

56
Q

What two branches are given off the common fibular nerve at the lateral popliteal fossa?

A

lateral sural cutaneous nerve and fibular communicating branch

57
Q

What does the lateral sural cutaneous nerve supply?

A

the skin on the lateral aspect of the leg

58
Q

what happens to the fibular communicating branch?

A

it becomes the aural nerve after combining with the medial sural cutaneous

59
Q

After leaving the popliteal fossa, the common fibular nerve splits into what two nerves?

A

superficial and deep fibular nerves

60
Q

What two muscles does the superficial fibular nerve supply?

A

fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

61
Q

Superficial fibular nerve splits into what two nerves in the foot?

A

medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve

62
Q

What does the medial an intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot combine to supply?

A

sensory from the skin on the dorsum of the food

63
Q

What muscles does the deep fibular nerve supply?

A 
Tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hllicus longus
extensor hallicus brevis
fibularis tertius
64
Q

What branch of the common fibular nerve supplies the extensor muscles of the foot and toes?

A

deep fibular nerve

65
Q

which nerve off the common fibular nerve has a terminal sensory branch that supplies the skin between the first two toes?

A

Deep fibular nerve

66
Q

What is a clinical aspect of the common fibular nerve?

A

steppage gate

67
Q

What nerve is larger than the common fibular nerve?

A

Tibial nerve

68
Q

Before leaving the common fibular nerve, what muscle does the tibial nerve supply?

A

biceps femoris (long head)
semitendinosus
semimembranosis
adductor magnus

69
Q

In the popliteal fossa, what branches are given off of the tibial nerve?

A

articular branches
muscular branches
popliteal branch

70
Q

What does the articular branch of the tibial nerve supply?

A

knee joint

71
Q

What do the muscular branches of the tibial nerve supply?

A

popliteus
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

72
Q

What does the popliteal branch of the tibial nerve become as id travels inferior?

A

interosseous nerve of the leg

73
Q

What information does the interosseous nerve of the leg carry?

A

sensory from the tibial periosteum

also from the ankle and tibiofibular joints

74
Q

In the leg, the tibial nerve gives rise to what sensory branches?

A

medial calcaneal branches

75
Q

What information does the medial calcaneal branches carry?

A

sensory for the skin over the medial heel

76
Q

The tibial nerve travels around the medial malleolus to what part of the foot?

A

dorsal plantar

77
Q

At the plantar portion of the foot, the tibial nerve terminates into which two nerves?

A

the medial plantar nerve and the lateral plantar nerve

78
Q

What muscles do the medial plantar nerves supply?

A

abductor hallicuces
flexor digitorum brevis
flexor hallucis brevis

79
Q

the medial plantar nerve divides into what secondary nerves?

A

common plantar digital nerves

80
Q

What do the common plantar nerves supply?

A

motor to lumbercals 1 &2

sensory to skin between toes by way of the prober plantar digital nerves

81
Q

What two branches do the lateral plantar nerves split into?

A

superficial and deep branches

82
Q

What does the superficial branch of the lateral plantar nerves supply?

A

sensory to the skin around the 5th digit

83
Q

What does the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerves supply?

A

adductor allicuses
flexor digiti minimi brevis
lateral lumbercles
interossei muscles

84
Q

What are the clinical considerations of the tibial nerve?

A

flexor paralysis
hammer toes
“claw foot”

PNS (11 decks)

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