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PNS > Parasympathetics > Flashcards

Parasympathetics Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the pre-ganglionic fibers carried?

A

in the oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus CN and sacral spinal nerves 2,3,4

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2
Q

Where do the pre-ganglionic fiber synapse?

A

on post-ganglionic neurons in peripheral ganglia

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3
Q

What neurotransmitter do pre-ganglionic fibers release?

A

ACh

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4
Q

What effect do post-ganglionic fibers have on effector organs?

A

decrease cardiac output
constrict the bronchial tree
constrict the pupils
stimulate peristalsis

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5
Q

What nerve supply structures in the head?

A

CN III, VII, IX

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6
Q

What structures does CN X supply?

A

cardiac, respiratory, and digestive structures in the neck, thorax, abdomen

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7
Q

What does S2, 3, and 4 supply?

A

the distal part of the digestive system and urogenital system

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8
Q

Where are the oculomotor preganglionic cell bodies found?

A

accessory oculomotor nucleus

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9
Q

What path do the preganglionic fibers of the oculomotor take?

A

it follows the oculomotor into the orbit and synapses in the ciliary

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10
Q

Where are the post ganglionic axons carried?

A

in the short ciliary nerves

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11
Q

What two muscles does the oculomotor nerve supply?

A

ciliary muscle

sphincter pupillae

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12
Q

What does the ciliary muscle do?

A

contraction makes the lens more convex to focus on closer objects

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13
Q

What does the sphincter pupillage do?

A

contractions decreases the size of the pupil

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14
Q

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the facial nerve located?

A

superior part of the salivary nucleus

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15
Q

Where do the preganglionic fibers of the facial nerve exit the CNS?

A

through the intermediate nerve and then carried in two branches of the facial nerve

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16
Q

What two fibers of the facial nerve do the preganglionic fibers of the facial nerve travel through?

A

greater petrosal nerve

chorda tympani

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17
Q

What information does the greater petrosal nerve carry?

A

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

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18
Q

Where does the greater petrosal nerve leave the facial nerve?

A

the geniculate ganglion

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19
Q

After leaving the facial nerve where does the greater petrosal nerve travel?

A

from the geniculate ganglion, it moves anteriorward through the hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve

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20
Q

How does the greater petrosal nerve re-enter the temporal bone?

A

then re-enters the petrous part of the temporal bone through the foramen lacerum

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21
Q

Where do the preganglionic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve ultimately end up?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

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22
Q

How does the petrosal nerve get into the pterygopapatine ganglion?

A

through the pterygoid canal

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23
Q

The postganglionic fibers of the greater petrosal are distributed into which two fibers?

A

lacrimal and pterygopalatine nerves

24
Q

What glands do the greater petrosal nerve supply?

A

lacrimal, nasal, palatine, and pharyngeal glands

25
Q

What kind of fibers are carried in the chord tympani?

A

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

26
Q

How does the chorda tympani leave the temporal bone?

A

through the tympanic cavity, leaving the temporal bone through the pterygotympanic fissure

27
Q

What nerve does the chorda tympani join?

A

the lingual nerve, mandiblular division, trigeminal

28
Q

Where do the preganglionic fibers in the chorda tympani synapse after leaving the lingual nerve?

A

submandibular ganglion

29
Q

Where do the postganglionic fibers of the chorda tympani travel to?

A

submandibular and sublingual glands

30
Q

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the glossopharyngeal nerve located?

A

inferior part of the salivary gland

31
Q

Where are the preganglionic fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve carried?

A

in the tympanic nerve which comes off the glossopharyngeal nerve in the inferior ganglion.
through the tympanic canniculus to the tympanic cavity

32
Q

once in the tympanic ganglion, the nerve receives post gannglionic fibers and becomes what structure?

A

the tympanic plexus

33
Q

The pregagnlionic parasympathetic fibers pass through the tympanic plexus and reform as ________.

A

The lesser petrosal nerve

34
Q

Where does the lesser petrosal nerve synapse?

A

it travels through then lesser petrosal canal to the otic ganglion

35
Q

Which glands receive information from the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic gland?

A

parotid and posterior lingual glands

36
Q

How do the postganglioninc parasympathetic fibers reach the parotid gland?

A

through the auriculoterporal nerve, mandibular division, trigeminal

37
Q

how do the postganlionic parasympathetic fibers reach the lingual gland?

A

the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

38
Q

Special senses (taste) are carried in which nerve?

A

the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal

39
Q

What are considered special visceral afferents?

A

special senses (taste)

40
Q

What other visceral afferents are carried in the branch of the carotid sinus?

A

baroreceptors in the carotid sinus

chemoreceptors in the carotid body

41
Q

Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies of the vagus nerve found?

A

in the posterior (dorsal) nucleus of the vagus nerve

42
Q

After descending down the vagus nerve, what do the fibers supply?

A 
smooth muscle of the bronchial tree
digestive tract
gall bladder
bile ducts
myocardium
pancreas
liver
spleen
43
Q

Where are the postganglionic cell bodies of the parasympathetic vagus nerve found?

A

in the organs being supplied or the blood vessels that supply the organs. (myocardium, submucosal plexus, and myenteric plexus)

44
Q

Vagus nerve: preganglionic fibers are carried to the heart via which nerves and where do they synapse?

A

inferior and superior cardiac nerves and synapse on the cardiac plexus at the base and wall of the heart

45
Q

vagus nerve: Where are the postganglionic fibers from the heart carried to?

A

SA node, AV node, and AV bundle to reach the subendocardial branches (purkinje fibers)

46
Q

Vagus Nerve: How do the parasympathetic impulses affect the heart?

A

inhibit myocardium and constrict the coronary artery

47
Q

Vagus Nerve: Preganglionic fibers to the lungs are carried in which nerves and where do they synapse?

A

anterior and posterior bronchial nerves

synapse in the pulmonary plexus surrounding the bronchial tree

48
Q

Vagus Nerve: Where do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers go in the lungs?

A

bronchial musculature and glands

49
Q

Vagus nerve: what are the results of they parasympathetic impulses in the lungs?

A

constriction of the bronchial tree and increased secretions of the bronchial glands

50
Q

Vagus nerve: Which nerve caries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers the the esophagus? Where do they synapse?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerves
anterior and posterior esophageal branches

synapse on the wall of the esophagus

51
Q

Vagus nerve: what do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the esophagus supply?

A

smooth muscle fibers of the esophagus

52
Q

What nerve supplies the muscular layer of the upper 1/3 of the esophagus (skeletal muscle)?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

53
Q

Vagus Nerve: what branches do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel through and where do they synapse?

A

anterior (4branches) and posterior (6 branches) vagal trunks

synapse on the submucosal (meissner’s) and myenteric (auerbach’s) plexuses in the wall of the stomach

54
Q

Vagus NErve: What do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the stomach wall supply?

A

smooth muscle of the stomach

55
Q

Vagus Nerve: What does the parasympathetic stimulation of the stomach result in?

A

contraction of smooth muscle and secretion of gastric juices

PNS (11 decks)

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