SA Unit 4 (0.7) Flashcards
What did the Declaration of intent and success of the 1992 all white election result in?
CODESA II.
What was the aim of CODESA II? What were the disputes during negotiation?
-It was charged with creating a new constitution.
-Mandela accused the NP of seeking to hold on to power while De Klerk was involved in battles within his party to maintain control.
What was the Record of Understanding?
The issuing to;
-Release all political prisoners.
-Physical restrictions of Zulu hostel dwellers who were held responsible for many of the Inkhata inspired murders and attacks.
-A banning of traditional weapons such as Pangas which many people carried openly.
What did gov’t do to secure white insecurities regarding reforms?
-A future gov’t would guarantee employment and pension rights for existing public employees, and power sharing between the leading parties.
1993 What did Mandela state?
-Future gov’t would be one of ‘National Unity’ and would include members of all parties who gained +5% of the vote?
Did all parties subscribe to Mandela’s promise of ‘National Unity’?
No. Members of the ANC and NP continued to distrust each other, let alone the Conservative Party or Inkhata both who refused to join CODESA II.
Did all parties subscribe to Mandela’s promise of ‘National Unity’?
No. Members of the ANC and NP continued to distrust each other, let alone the Conservative Party or Inkhata both who refused to join CODESA II.
What problems did De Klerk face in his party? Why did he have this issue?
De Klerk faced many difficulties persuading members in his own party:
-Many whites feared for their future many had already lost their livelihoods.
-They were concerned for their safety in the event of an African black backlash.
-Many relied on the bureaucracy of apartheid or the security forces for employment.
What agreement was made to resolve worries from the white populace?
-An agreement was made guaranteeing jobs and pensions.
What did the AWB continue to do during the CODESA negotiations? What did the form with Conservative Party and Inkhata?
-Continued their terror campaign.
-Together all three groups formed the ‘Freedom Alliance’.
What happened in the AWB’s 1994 incursion into Bophuthatswana?
-600 AWB members raided Bophuthatswana to reinstate the chief, Mongope.
-He opposed the peace settlement and been arrested by local forces who supported the ANC.
-The raid was unstructured and participants fired at innocently suspected ANC supporters.
What continued to derail the settlement process?
3 strong example?
Continued violence, hundreds were killed each month.
-17 June 1992, Inkhata members killed 46 suspected ANC supporters in Boiptang. After this Mandela suspended talks and supported mass protest.
-September 1992, 100,000 ANC supporters marched to Ciskei who’s leaders wished to maintain independence. Ciskei forces killed 30 people.
-10 April 1993, charismatic MK leader Chris Hani was killed by white extremists.
