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History 1 > S6-The Age of Exploration > Flashcards

S6-The Age of Exploration Flashcards

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0
Q

What were the first ships used by the Portuguese in the 1400’s called?

A

Caravels

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1
Q

What was the name of a person who payed for ships?

A

Patron

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2
Q

What were the ships later used by the Portuguese?

A

Carracks And Naos

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3
Q

What is the definition of navigation?

A

Knowing where you’re going

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4
Q

What do you use to know what directions our going in?

A

Compass

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5
Q

What happens when and how do you get scurvy?

A

Your gums get weak, bleed and your teeth fall out, happens because of lack of vitamins because of the lack of fresh food

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6
Q

What is the name of the biscuits that sailors ate during the renaissance?

A

HardTack

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7
Q

How did the sailors measure how fast they were going?

A

Log and line

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8
Q

What’s the name of a person who makes maps?

A

Cartographer

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9
Q

What was the special name for maps made during the renaissance?

A

Portalan Charts

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10
Q

What is the technique ship builders used to make the hulls of Renaissance ships?

A

Clinker Building

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11
Q

What did the Europeans want foreign people to become as a result of their exploration?

A

Convert to Christianity

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12
Q

Why did the Europeans especially want to go to Asia for?

A

Spices

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13
Q

What other than the food trade did the Europeans want from Asia?

A

Silk

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14
Q

Who was in charge of the ship?

A

The Captain

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15
Q

Who was second-in-command on a ship?

A

First Mate

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16
Q

Definition and cause of dysentery

A

Diarrhoea due to dirty water

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17
Q

What was the name of the tip of South Africa originally and presently?

A

Original:Cape of Storms

Present Name: Cape of Good Hope

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18
Q

Name Three navigation tools Renaissance soldiers used and describe what they do

A

Astrolabe:
Quadrant:
Cross Staff:

-latitude

19
Q

Who were Christopher Columbus’ patrons?

A

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain

20
Q

What was the name of Columbus’ journey and theory to prove that the world was round?

A

The Enterprise Of The Indies

21
Q

What year did Columbus set sail for the ‘Indies’ in?

A

1492

22
Q

Name the man who explored Mexico and conquered the Aztecs.

A

Hernando Cortes

23
Q

Why did the Europeans want their own spice trade route to Asia?

A
  • Muslim rulers controlled trade-imposed high taxes
  • spices preserved food
  • spices added flavour
  • spices hid flavour
  • spices cured disease
24
Q

Why did rulers support exploration voyages?

A 
They wanted...
•control of spice trade, 
•gold+jewels, 
•to conquer land+build an empire
•to spread Christianity
25
Q

When were caravels introduced?

A

Around 1400

26
Q

What improvements did caravels have?

A
  • small,
  • fast,
  • easy to move,
  • lateen sails (triangular),
  • clinker built hulls,
  • waterproof decks and
  • could sail close to coast and up rivers
27
Q

What he ships were introduced after the caravels? What features did they have?

A

Carricks and Naos
•bigger
•could carry cargo
•square and lateen sails

28
Q

What was used to measure speed on a boat?

A

Log and line

29
Q

What was used to find a ship’s direction?

A

Compass

30
Q

What measured latitude on a ship? (X3)

A

Astrolabe
Quarantine
Cross Staff

31
Q

What Greek man created the first maps

A

Ptolemy

32
Q

What myths and legends inspired explorers to explore?

A
  • Prestor John, a Christian King in Africa
  • Gold and silver
  • El Dorado (hugely wealthy city)
  • Fountain of Youth
32
Q

What was the dangers of sailing?

A
  • storms
  • thirst
  • hunger
  • disease
  • hostility of natives
33
Q

Name a Portuguese patron.

What were his motives to explore?

A

Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)

  • gain Africa’s riches
  • join with Prestor John to defeat the Muslims
34
Q

How did Prince Henry The Navigator help the Age of Exploration?

A
  • paid for voyages
  • set up an exploration school in Sagres
  • mapped 2,400 on portal an charts
  • rounded Cape Bojador
  • made trade links with Africans
  • discovered he Madeira and Azores islands
35
Q

How did Bartholomew Diaz contribute to the age of exploration?

A
  • 1487 three ships
  • January 1488, lost in storm for 13 days
  • rounded the “Cape of Storms”
  • lack of food sent him back home
  • King John II renamed it the “Cape of Good Hope”
36
Q

Which King did Bartholemew Diaz serve?

A

King John II

37
Q

Which King was Prince Henry under?

A

King John I

38
Q

What did Cabral do? -_-

A

He accidentally brought 13 ships to Portugal in 1500

Simple mistake

39
Q

Who was the first European to sail to the Indian Ocean?

A

Bartholomew Diaz

40
Q

Who was the first European to reach India via ocean?

A

Vasco daGama

41
Q

Briefly describe daGamas journey

A
  • 1497 left Lisbon with 3 ships
  • On Christmas Day, landed on opposite side of Africa, naming it Natal
  • May 1948 reached Calicut in India
  • Return voyage to Africa took three months and many died of scurvy
  • returned to Portugal 1499
42
Q

What impact did the Portuguese have on the Age Of Exploration?

A
  • mapped African coast
  • sea route to Asia
  • made trade links with the Africans
  • built empire in Asia and Brazil
  • broke muslim control of spice trade making spices cheaper
43
Q

Briefly describe Christopher Columbas’ journey

A
  • enterprise of the Indies
  • left 3 Aug 1492 w/ Niña, Pinta + Santa Maria
  • went to Canary Islands for Repairs+ provisions, left September 6
  • October 8 Santa Maria spotted land
  • San Salvador ‘our saviour’
  • -> Cuba ->Hispañola
  • Brought Indians and Gold home
44
Q

What is my father?

A

An idiot!

History 1 (12 decks)

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