S5-Renaissance Flashcards
Why did the renaissance start in Florence?
- large wool trade all over Europe
- large banking industry, created cheques
- very proud of their city; wanted to make it beautiful
Cosimo de Medicci summary
- head of rich banking family
- ruled Florence w/ money
- searched Europe for manuscripts, set up 1st public library
- set up Platonic Acadamy
- paid inventors, artist, architects (eg. Brunelleschi)
- made alliances w/ other cities;kept Florence in peace
Lorenzo de Medici summary
- took over fam. Business @ 20 y/o
- patron to da Vinci, Michelangelo
- athlete, poet, patron => Lorenzo The Magnificent
New techniques of painting
- good anatomy (studied corpses)
- perspective
- portraits
- sfumato
- oil paint (previously egg whites)
- frescos (on wet plaster)
Why did the Renaisance begin in Italy?
- Old Roman Empire
- 1453, Greeks fled to Italy,bringing their literature
- wealthy Italian merchants, could afford to be patrons
- merchants influenced by Arabs and Chinese
- independant city states/no definite King/people thought for themselves
Renaissance painter In Italy
Leonardo Da Vinci:
- 1452-1519
- Mona Lisa (florence), Last Supper (Milan)
- Duke of Sforza-weapons
- mirror writing notebooks
- botany, geology, engineering
- King of France for 3 years, then died
Renaissance sculpture features:
- Stood on its own; not at wall
- copied from Roman and Greek sculptures
- realistic
Renaissance sculptor
Michelangelo Buaonarrotti:
- 1475-1564(near Florence)
- 13 years old apprenticed to sculptor, Lorenzo D.M. became patron
- Went to Rome, made Pièta, funded by a cardinal
- Florentines won war, ‘David’ won competition
- 1505 Pope Julius II sculptures for tomb-frescos on Sistine chapel
- 300+ love poems
- St.Peters Basillica dome
- died 89, never married, statues were his children
Differences between gothic and Renaissance architecture
Gothic-Spires, Pointed Raches, Flying Buttresses
Renaissance-Domes, Round Arches, Columns
Renaissance Architect
Fillippo Brunelleschi
- 1377-1446, Florence, trained as a goldsmith
- went to Rome to study Roman ruins, eg. Pantheon
- designed the ‘dome’
- spent 16 years on the Florence Cathedral, huge success
- father of Renaissance architecture
The Chinese invented printing,
But ________ __________ invented the ________ ____
- Johannes GuttenBurg
- Moveable Type
First printed book?
Bible
The 1st printed bible had ______ pages and there are __ copies left.
- 1,300 pages
- 47 copies
When was, where was and who set up the first moveable type company in England
- 1476
- London
- William Caxton
Consequences of Moveable Type
- more learned to read and write
- books became cheaper
- new ideas spread
- Kings and Popes had trouble stopping different teachings
Before the Renaissance, most books were in _____. However, after, books were written in people’s __________ language.
- Latin
- Vernacular
Bestselling hing about the corruption of the church
Dutch author Erasmus’ “In Praise Of Folly’
Books were no longer themed on ________ but more _________ _____.
- religion
- everyday lives
Spanish book about normal people
Miguel de Cervantes’ “Don Quixote”
Funny Tale of knight and servant
Renaissance playwright
William Shakespeare:
- 1564-1616
- 18, married Anne Hathaway, moved to London
- Wrote plays, company “King’s Men,”, Globe Theatre (held 2,000)
- wrote 38 plays (human mistakes)
- wrote 150+ sonnets (some to dark lady)
Why was medieval medicine bad?
- they knew of herbal remedies, but not about anatomy
- church banned dissecting bodies in 1300
- believed Galen’s incorrect theories
What was blood letting?
Cutting a patients skin to let the bad blood out
Father of human anatomy?
Andrea Vesalius 1514-1564 in Brussels
- Professor of Anatomy age 23 at Pauda University
- Held public directions at the university
- wrote “On The Fabric Of The Human Body” w/ 270 drawings
Man who proved circulation?
William Harvey 1578-1657
- Galen write ‘body burned blood, liver remade it’
- Harvey proved the heart pumped blood to King Charles I
