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(1) Fundamentals of Physical Therapy > S3_L2: ROM Assessment > Flashcards

S3_L2: ROM Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

It is the amount of movement (linear or angular) on each joint, and the extent of movement of a joint which is measured in the
degrees of a circle.

A

Range of Motion

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2
Q

Motion available in a joint in relation to the cardinal planes of the body

A

Freedom of Motion

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3
Q

The movement of shaft of bones resulting in motion

A

Osteokinematics

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4
Q

The motions of the bone surfaces within the joint

A

Arthrokinematics

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5
Q

The arc of motion produced by an individual’s muscle contraction assisted by an external force. The motion was initiated by the patient but due to limitations, the PT, pt’s opposite limb, or a machine finishes the movement.

A

Active Assistive ROM

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6
Q

The amount of motion attained by the examiner without assistance from the subject. This provides information on integrity of articular surfaces and extensibility of joint capsule, associated ligaments and muscles.

A

Passive ROM

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7
Q

The amount of motion attained by the subject in
unassisted voluntary joint motion. This is produced by active contraction of muscles crossing a joint and provides information on strength, coordination, functional ability, and willingness to move.

A

Active ROM

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8
Q

Small amount of available motions that occur within the joint that are not under voluntary
control which aids in protecting joint structures. This is determined by the joint capsule’s laxity and may be demonstrated passively but cannot be performed actively when doing mobilization of the joint.

A

Joint play

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9
Q

Characteristic feel of a joint felt by the examiner during assessment (passive movements). It is the resistance to further movement at the end of PROM and is determined by the structure of joint being tested.

A

Endfeel

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10
Q

Enumerate the 5 factors affecting ROM

A
  1. Age
  2. Gender
  3. Joint structures
  4. Occupation / lifestyle
  5. Dominance (Hand)
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11
Q

The ability of one or more joints to move beyond normal limits given the individual’s age and gender. This is due to laxity of soft tissues, abnormalities of joint surfaces or hereditary disorders.

A

Hypermobility

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12
Q

A decrease in ROM substantially less than normal. May be due to joint abnormalities, shortening of joint capsules or muscles, immobilization, neurologic conditions, or
prolonged immobilizations.

A

Hypomobility

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13
Q

Joint shape where one surface is convex and the other is concave

A

Ovoid joints

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14
Q

Joint shape where one surface is concave
in one direction and convex in one direction with
the opposing surface convex and concave
respectively.

A

Sellar (Saddle) joints

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15
Q

Movements patients can actively perform voluntarily that occur simultaneously together with accessory movements. This can result to either concentric or eccentric muscle contraction that moves a bone/joint.

A

Physiologic movements

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16
Q

Movements within the joint & surrounding tissues that are necessary for normal ROM and the manner in which one articulating joint surface moves relative to another. These cannot be voluntarily performed.

A

Accessory movements

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17
Q

Motions that accompany active motions but are
not under voluntary control

A

Component motions

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18
Q

Determine the corresponding descriptions of these accessory motions

  1. Often used in combination with joint mobilization to increase the stretch on the joint capsule
  2. The point does not touch the same point in the
    ground twice
  3. Decrease in space between two joint surfaces
  4. Same point on the moving surface creates an arc of a circle
  5. Surfaces are congruent; always in contact in the ground in different points

A. Roll
B.
 Slide / Glide
C. Spin
D. Compression
E. Distraction

A
  1. E
  2. A
  3. D
  4. C
  5. B
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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Spin does not occur by itself during a normal joint motion

A

True

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20
Q

Accessory motion known to add stability to a joint and known as a reaction of a joint during a muscle contraction.

A

Compression

Additional: Normal intermittent compressive loads could help move synovial fluids

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21
Q

What does gonia mean?

A

Angle

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22
Q

Aka finger goniometer

A

Joint specific goniometer

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23
Q

A 360 degree scale incorporated in a fluid filled
circular tube with air bubble that is strapped to limb segment being measured.

A

Fluid, Bubble or Hydrogoniometer

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24
Q

Most accurate non-goniometric instrument to measure ROM

A

Radiography (X-ray plates)

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25
Q

Non-goniometric instrument that use distances instead of angles to measure composite joint motions of fingers and vertebral joints

A

Linear measurement

26
Q

One of the most widely used notation of ROM that uses a 0-180 system, where the starting position for all movements is 0 degrees.

A

Silver method

27
Q

A rarely used notation of ROM that uses a 180-0 system. It is usually used when movement is going back to neutral position and the starting position is 180°.

A

Clark method

28
Q

Notation of ROM that uses a 360 system, where movements past the neutral position approach 360 instead of 180 degrees. It is not applicable for dorsiflexion/plantarflexion & radial/ulnar deviation.

A

West method

29
Q

Determine the corresponding descriptions of the abnormal / pathologic end feels

  1. “Mushy” stretch
  2. Increase in tone, capsular, muscular,
    ligamentous or fascial shortening
  3. Soft capsular, soft tissue edema, synovitis
  4. No real endfeel because pain prevents reaching end of ROM
  5. Bony block

A. Pathologic soft endfeel
B.
 Pathologic firm endfeel
C. Pathologic hard endfeel
D. Empty endfeel

30
Q

Determine the corresponding descriptions of the normal / physiologic endfeels

  1. Muscular stretch
  2. Bone to bone approximation
  3. Soft tissue approximation
  4. Ligamental stretch
  5. Capsular stretch

A. Soft endfeel
B. Firm endfeel

C. Hard endfeel

31
Q

Determine the corresponding descriptions of the abnormal / pathologic end feels

  1. Occur early or toward the end of motion
  2. No resistance is felt
  3. Spasticity, UMNL, tightness
  4. Bony grating
  5. Sooner or later in ROM than usual or in joint that normally has a SOFT or FIRM endfeel

A. Pathologic soft endfeel
B.
 Pathologic firm endfeel
C. Pathologic hard endfeel
D. Empty endfeel

32
Q

Notation of ROM that records all the motion in one plane together.

A

SFTR method (Sagittal, Frontal, Transverse, Rotational)

33
Q

Poor ___ is the most frequent cause of invalid ROM measurements.

A

stabilization

34
Q

The __ part of the joint is stabilized to prevent trick motion/assistance and false reading.

35
Q

Testing positions are designed to place a joint at ___

A

0 degrees

Start with zero position: The reference point for the measurement. If zero position can’t be achieved, this must be documented.

36
Q

Limitation of motion that involves structures other than the joint capsule and only 1 to 2 motions are involved.

A

Non-capsular pattern of LOM

37
Q

Limitation of motion involving all or most
passive motions of the joint. This is due to pathologic conditions involving the joint
capsule.

A

Capsular pattern of LOM

38
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Shoulder flexion
  2. Shoulder extension
  3. Shoulder abduction
  4. Shoulder medial rotation
  5. Shoulder lateral rotation

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

38
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Elbow flexion
  2. Elbow extension
  3. Forearm pronation
  4. Forearm supination

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

38
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. MCP flexion
  2. MCP extension
  3. MCP abduction
  4. PIP flexion
  5. PIP extension
  6. DIP flexion
  7. DIP extension

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

A
  1. D
  2. B
  3. B
  4. C
  5. B
  6. B
  7. B
39
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Wrist flexion
  2. Wrist extension
  3. Radial deviation
  4. Ulnar deviation

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

39
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Thumb CMC abduction
  2. Thumb CMC flexion
  3. Thumb CMC extension
  4. Thumb CMC opposition

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm
E. May be Soft or Firm

40
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Hip flexion
  2. Hip extension
  3. Hip abduction
  4. Hip adduction
  5. Hip medial rotation
  6. Hip lateral rotation

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm
E. May be Soft or Firm

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. B
  4. B
  5. B
  6. B
41
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Knee flexion
  2. Knee extension
  3. MTP flexion
  4. MTP extension
  5. MTP abduction

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

42
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Ankle dorsiflexion (talocrural)
  2. Ankle plantar flexion (talocrural)
  3. Ankle inversion (tarsal)
  4. Ankle eversion (tarsal)

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

43
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Depression of the mandible (opening)
  2. Lateral excursion of the mandible
  3. Protrusion of the mandible

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

44
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Cervical spine flexion
  2. Cervical spine extension
  3. Cervical spine lateral flexion
  4. Cervical spine rotation

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

45
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Thoracolumbar flexion
  2. Thoracolumbar extension
  3. Thoracolumbar lateral flexion
  4. Thoracolumbar rotation

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm

46
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. Thumb MCP flexion
  2. Thumb MCP extension
  3. Thumb IP flexion
  4. Thumb IP extension

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm
E. May be Soft or Firm

47
Q

Determine the corresponding normal endfeel for the ff motions

  1. IP joint of 1st toe & PIP of 4 lesser toes flexion
  2. IP joint of 1st toe & PIP of 4 lesser toes extension
  3. DIP of 4 lesser toes flexion

A. Soft
B.
 Firm
C. Hard
D. May be Hard or Firm
E. May be Soft or Firm

48
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Shoulder flexion
  2. Shoulder extension
  3. Shoulder abduction
  4. Shoulder medial rotation
  5. Shoulder lateral rotation

A. 90 deg
B.
 60 deg
C. 70 deg
D. 180 deg

49
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Elbow flexion
  2. Elbow extension
  3. Forearm pronation
  4. Forearm supination

A. 150 deg
B. 80 deg
C. 0 deg

50
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. MCP flexion
  2. MCP extension
  3. PIP flexion
  4. PIP extension
  5. DIP flexion
  6. DIP extension

A. 90 deg
B. 100 deg
C. 0 deg
D. 45 deg

A
  1. A
  2. D
  3. B
  4. C
  5. A
  6. C
51
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Wrist flexion
  2. Wrist extension
  3. Radial deviation
  4. Ulnar deviation

A. 30 deg
B. 80 deg
C. 20 deg
D. 70 deg

52
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Thumb CMC abduction
  2. Thumb CMC flexion
  3. Thumb CMC extension
  4. Thumb MCP flexion
  5. Thumb MCP extension
  6. Thumb IP flexion
  7. Thumb IP extension

A. 70 deg
B. 20 deg
C. 15 deg
D. 80 deg
E. 50 deg
F. 20 deg, 80 deg
G. 0 deg

A
  1. A
  2. C
  3. F
  4. E
  5. G
  6. D
  7. B
53
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Hip flexion
  2. Hip extension
  3. Hip abduction
  4. Hip adduction
  5. Hip medial rotation
  6. Hip lateral rotation

A. 20 deg
B. 20 to 25 deg
C. 120 deg
D. 45 deg
E. 40 to 55 deg

A
  1. C
  2. A
  3. E
  4. B
  5. D
  6. D
54
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Knee flexion
  2. Knee extension
  3. First MTP flexion
  4. First MTP extension

A. 10 deg
B. 70 deg
C. 135 deg
D. 45 deg

55
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Ankle dorsiflexion (talocrural)
  2. Ankle plantar flexion (talocrural)
  3. Ankle inversion (tarsal)
  4. Ankle eversion (tarsal)

A. 35 deg
B. 20 deg
C. 50 deg
D. 15 deg

56
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Depression of the mandible (opening)
  2. Lateral excursion of the mandible
  3. Protrusion of the mandible

A. 6 to 9 mm
B. 10 to 12 mm
C. 35 to 50 mm

57
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Cervical spine flexion
  2. Cervical spine extension
  3. Cervical spine lateral flexion
  4. Cervical spine rotation

A. 60 deg
B. 45 deg

58
Q

Determine the corresponding normal ROM values for the ff motions

  1. Thoracolumbar flexion
  2. Thoracolumbar extension
  3. Thoracolumbar lateral flexion
  4. Thoracolumbar rotation

A. 35 deg
B. 80 deg
C. 45 deg
D. 25 deg

(1) Fundamentals of Physical Therapy (11 decks)

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