Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

(3) Cardio-Pulmo-Renal Rehabilitation > S2 L2.6: General Diagnostic Approaches for CAD > Flashcards

S2 L2.6: General Diagnostic Approaches for CAD Flashcards

1
Q

Tells us if there is injury (ischemia, old or new
Myocardial Infarction and what vessels are affected)

A

12L ECG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Determins the heart size

A

CXR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give me the five (5) biochemical tests that we could do for AMI

A

○ Lipid profile
○ FBS
○ Homocysteine
○ CRP (for inflammation)
○ Cardiac markers (for injuries)
■ Troponin I or T
■ CKMB
■ Others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Use to detect ischemia when pt does physical
activity

A

Stress Testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the four (4) examples of stress testing?

A

○ Treadmill - For pts who can ambulate on the treadmill
○ Dobutamine (Pharmacological; for those unable to perform physical stress test) - Increases myocardial function = makes heart go
faster - Sign of coronary disease = if heart goes weak
(tachycardia)
○ Echocardiography
○ Nuclear Scintigraphy - Visualization of heart using nuclear energy; safe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F about stress testing as a diagnositc approach

  1. Dobutamine is pharmacological and is used for those unable to perform physical stress test
  2. Dopamine increases myocardial function and makes heart go faster
  3. In taking dopamine, there is a sign of coronary disease if heart goes weak (bradycardia)
  4. Nuclear Scintigraphy is the visualization of heart using nuclear energy; safe
A
  1. T
  2. F. Dobutamine not dopamine
  3. F. In taking DOBUTAMINE, there is a sign of coronary disease if heart goes weak (TACHYCARDIA)
  4. T
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

GENERAL DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH

Separate in itself, but can be used in Stress Testing and Most widely used imaging technique

A

Echocardiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

GENERAL DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH

Hearing from patients

A

Myocardial perfusion Imaging/Nuclear Scintigraphy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GENERAL DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH

Ct scan of heart

A

CT angiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GENERAL DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH

Can be inserted to coronary arteries

A

Intravascular Ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give me the three (3) missing components of the different general diagnostic approcahes in this list:
1. 12L ECG
2. CXR
3. Biochemical TEsts
4. Stress Testing
5. Echocardiography
6. Myocardial perfusion Imaging/Nuclear Scintigraphy
7. CT angiography
8. Intravascular Ultrasound

A
  1. MRI
  2. PET
  3. Coronary Angiography
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Modified T/F

In the outdated version in diagnosing cardiac diseases, HR and BP is monitored and there are different rules for strong or weak patient

MD is not always required to be present and is not required to be within the area

A

TF

MD is not always required to be present but should be within the area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In what test is the following required?

Heart scanning before and after the stress

A

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging/Nuclear Scintigraphy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In Myocardial Perfusion Imaging/Nuclear Scintigraphy, the following are true, EXCEPT:

A. Radionuclear material is injected into the vein
B. If the scan lights up completely then it is normal
C. If not lighted up completely then the heart is
diseased (posterior portion; R top image)
D. Good sensitivity and specificity at 98.5%
E. None of the above

A

D. Good sensitivity and specificity at 98% NOT 98.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Very expensive; usually used only for metastatic cancers or rare diseases of the heart

A

PET

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What diagnostic tool looks into the calcification of
the coronary arteries?

A

CT Angiography

17
Q

If scores are high in this test, there is
significant obstruction in
coronary arteries

A

CT Angiography

In this case, the pt might need
coronary angiogram

18
Q

In CT Angiography, presence of calcium depositions means presence of what?

A

atheroma burden

19
Q

Done by puncturing
the artery similar to
coronary angiogram

A

Intravascular Ultrasound

20
Q

Measures the
burden of plaque

A

Intravascular Ultrasound

21
Q

X-ray examination of the vessels and chambers of the heart

A

Diagnostic Coronary Angiography/Cardiac Catheterization

22
Q

Done to identify narrowed or clogged coronary arteries that are preventing blood to reach heart muscles

A

Diagnostic Coronary Angiography/Cardiac Catheterization

23
Q

Used to measure the size and function of the heart
valves

A

Diagnostic Coronary Angiography/Cardiac Catheterization

24
Q

T/F about Diagnostic Coronary Angiography/Cardiac Catheterization

  1. Before the procedure, IV line, heart monitor, and oral or IV sedative are needed
  2. Lasts betweem 2 - 3 hrs
  3. Pt will be placed in a table c the fluoroscope (x-ray imaging device) which will move around the chest in one directions to to record pictures of the heart and coronary arteries from multiple angles
  4. Most cardiac catheterization take place in the femoral artery of the groin since it cannot be done in the artery of the arm
A
  1. True
  2. False. It only lasts between 1 - 2 hours
  3. Pt will be placed in a table c the fluoroscope (x-ray imaging device) which will move around the chest in ALL DIRECTIONSto to record pictures of the heart and coronary arteries from multiple angles
  4. False. Most cardiac catheterization take place in the femoral artery of the groin but CAN BE DONE in the artery of the arm
25
Q

Arrange the following from 1 to 6 in accordance with the sequence of steps in diagnostic coronary angiography/cardiac catheterization

MD will numb the area where a needle will be placed, a wire is placed and is gently guided through the arterial system to the heart

A soft flexible catheter will be slipped over the wire
through the sheath and threaded up to the heart

MD will watch the movement of the catheter on the fluoroscope (pt may feel the pressure as the wire and sheath is inserted but no movement will be felt)

The needle will be withdrawn and exchanged for a
small flexible tube called a sheath that permits access to the femoral artery

Evaluation of coronary arteries happens when guide wire is removed and positions the tip of the catheter just inside the arteries one at a time and inject a special dye

The dye will allow the fluoroscope to take x-ray images cut angiograms of the arteries interior

A

1.MD will numb the area where a needle will be placed, a wire is placed and is gently guided through the arterial system to the heart

  1. The needle will be withdrawn and exchanged for a small flexible tube called a sheath that permits access to the femoral artery
  2. A soft flexible catheter will be slipped over the wire through the sheath and threaded up to the heart
  3. MD will watch the movement of the catheter on the fluoroscope (pt may feel the pressure as the wire and sheath is inserted but no movement will be felt)
  4. Evaluation of coronary arteries happens when guide wire is removed and positions the tip of the catheter just inside the arteries one at a time and inject a special dye
  5. The dye will allow the fluoroscope to take x-ray images cut angiograms of the arteries interior
26
Q

T/F about Diagnostic Coronary Angiography/Cardiac Catheterization

  1. Any blockages will be clearly identified as arteries are filled with dye
  2. Pt may feel flushed or slightly nauseated when dye is injected
  3. After sufficient images of the coronary arteries and its tributaries have been taken, catheter will be removed through the groin without any precautionary measures
  4. Monitored in recovery room for 60 - 80 minutes
  5. Pt is only allowed to sit for several hours with pressure bandage in place over the insertion site
  6. Discharge within a week
A
  1. True
  2. True
  3. False
  4. False. After sufficient images of the coronary arteries and its tributaries have been taken, catheter will be removed through the groin & PRESSURE MUST BE APPLIED OVER THE FEMORAL ARTERY TO PREVENT BLEEDING
  5. False. Pt LIES ON BACK for several hours with pressure bandage in place over the insertion site
  6. False. Discharge SAME DAY OR STAY OVERNIGHT NOT WITHIN A WEEK
27
Q

Done by puncturing the artery just like the coronary angiogram

A

Intravascular Ultrasound

28
Q

Takes note of the atheroma burden

A

Intravascular Ultrasound

29
Q

This measures the burden of plaque

A

Intravascular Ultrasound

(3) Cardio-Pulmo-Renal Rehabilitation (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions