S, P, R Flashcards
Why does the synovial membrane extend inferiorly near the long head of the biceps brachii?
lots of movement, needs to be protected/lubricated, maintains maximum range of motion
What does the long head of biceps brachii tendon run on?
bicipital groove
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus m.
infraspinatus m.
teres minor m.
subscapularis m.
What is the action of the deltoid m.?
abducts humerus, flexes, extends and rotates humerus
What is the neurovasculature of deltoid m.?
axillary n.
posterior circumflex humeral vessels
What is the action of teres major m.?
medially rotates and extends humerus
What is the nuerovasculature of teres major m.?
lower (inferior) subscapular n.
subscapular vessels
What is the action of the supraspinatus m.?
abducts humerus (1st 15 degrees–initiates abduction), reaches maximum contribution at 110 degrees
What is the neurovasculature of supraspinatus m.?
suprascapular n.
suprascapular vessels
dorsal scapular vessels
What is the action of the infraspinatus m.?
laterally rotates humerus
What is the neurovasculature of infraspinatus m.?
suprascapular n.
subscapular vessels
What is the action of the teres minor m.?
lateral rotation of humerus
What is the nuerovasculature of teres minor m.?
axillary n.
suprascapular vessels
subscapular vessels
What is the action of the subscapularis m.?
medial rotation of humerus
What is the neurovasculatre of subscapularis m.?
upper and lower sub scapular n.
subscapular vessels
Should the subacromial bursa be continous with the glenohumeral joint capsule?
No
What are the borders of the quadrangular space?
superior = teres minor m. inferior = teres major m. medial = long head of triceps brachia m. lateral = surgical head of humerus
What is contained within the quadrangular space?
axillary n.
posterior circumflex humeral vessels
What are the borders of the triangular space?
superior = teres minor m. inferior = teres major m. lateral = long head of triceps brachii m.
What does the triangular space contain?
circumflex scapular vessels
What are the borders of the triangular interval?
superior = teres major m. medial = long head of triceps brachii m. lateral = lateral head of triceps brachii m.
What does the triangular interval contain?
radial n.
deep brachial a.
What nerves and arteries supply the shoulder region?
suprascapular nerve and artery
dorsal scapular nerve and artery
accessory nerve and transverse cervical artery
upper and lower subscapular nerve and sub scapular artery
What is the relationship between the suprascapular nerve, artery and the superior transverse scapular ligament?
suprascapular artery runs ABOVE ligament
suprascapular nerve runs UNDER ligament
What do the suprascapular nerve and artery supply?
supraspinatus and infraspinantus mm.
What is the origin of the suprascapular n.?
ventral rami C5 - C6
What is the origin of the suprascapular a.?
thryocervical trunk
Where do the dorsal scapular n. and deep transverse cervical a. run?
parallel to vertebral border of scapula
What do the dorsal scapular n. and deep transverse cervical a. supply?
levator scapulae m.
rhomboid mm.
What is the origin of dorsal scapular n.?
ventral ramus C5
What is the origin of the accessory n.?
CN XI
What is the origin of the transverse cervical a.?
thyrocervical trunk
What do the accessory n. and transverse cervical a. supply?
trapezius m.
What is the origin of the upper and lower sub scapular nn.?
posterior cord of brachial plexus
ventral rami C5-6
What is the origin of the sub scapular a.?
axillary a.
What does the subscapular a. branch into?
thoracodorsal a.
circumflex scapular a.
What do the upper and lower subscapular nn. and subscapular a. supply?
subscapularis mm.
*lower nn. and subscapular a. supply teres major
What provides collateral circulation to shoulder region?
thryocervical trunk and subscapular a.
How is collateral circulation halted?
If anywhere distal to subscapular a. is ligated
What is the action of the pec major?
adducts and medially rotate humerus
What is the neurovasculature of pec major?
medial and lateral pectoral nn.
thoracoacromial vessels
What is the action of pec minor?
protract scapula
What is the neurovasculature of pec minor?
medial pectoral n. (NOT lateral)
thoracoacromial vessels
What are the main arteries supplying the pectoral region?
lateral thoracic a.
internal thoracic a.
thoracoacromial a.
Describe the lateral thoracic a.
branch of axillary a. (1st part)
runs with long thoracic n.
supplies lateral thorax, lateral pec, lateral breast
Describe the internal thoracic a.
branch of subclavian a.
descends lateral to sternum
supplies anterior thorax, med pec region, med breast
Describe the thoracoacromial a.
branch of axillary a.
sends off 4 branches (pectoral, clavicular, lacrimal, deltoid aa.)
What are the four nerves responsible for pectoral region innervation?
cutaneous nerves
medial pectoral nerve
lateral pectoral nerve
long thoracic nerve
Describe the cutaneous nerves.
general sensory (T1-T6)
lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nn.
Describe the medial pectoral nerve.
medial cord of brachial plexus
ventral rami C8-T1
pierces pectoralis minor
supplies pec major and minor
What nerve pierces pec minor?
medial pectoral nerve
Describe the lateral pectoral nerve.
lateral cord of brachial plexus
ventral rami C5-7
supplies pec major
Describe the long thoracic nerve.
ventral rami C5-C7
supplies serratus anterior m.
What nerve is often damaged during mastectomy?
long thoracic nerve
