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Prefix words > running Water Test > Flashcards

running Water Test Flashcards

1
Q

water cycle

A

the unending circulation of earths water supply

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2
Q

The world water budget is in balance because

A

precipitation equals evaporation

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3
Q

local water budgets are

A

not balanced

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4
Q

what use the greatest amount of water

A

agriculture and industry

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5
Q

how much of this water that’s used is return to rivers lakes oceans etc.

A

90%

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6
Q

waste water treatment

A

remove as much suspended solids as possible before the remaining water called effluent is discharged back to the environment

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7
Q

Nonpoint sources of pollution

A

sedimentation and stormwater runoff

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8
Q

River systems

A

watershed, tributaries, divide, headwaters

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9
Q

watershed

A

land from which water runs off into streams – drainage basin

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10
Q

tributaries

A

feeder streams that flow into a main river

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11
Q

divide

A

ridges or elevated regions of higher ground that separate watersheds

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12
Q

headwaters

A

beginning of a stream

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13
Q

drainage patterns

A

water can travel in a variety of patterns – radial, rectangular, trellis, dendritic

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14
Q

Radio

A

streams radiate out words from a central High Point

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15
Q

rectangular

A

shape determined by underlying rocks

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16
Q

trellis

A

streams are parallel with tributaries forming right angles – alternating bands of hard and soft rock

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17
Q

dendritic

A

Waterflow resembles branches on a tree – most common pattern

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18
Q

Channel

A

The path that a stream follows

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19
Q

headword erosion

A

process of lengthening and branching of a stream

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20
Q

Stream piracy

A

The capture of a stream in one watershed by a stream with a higher rate of erosion in another watershed

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21
Q

four things that affect the rate of channel erosion

A

Stream load, velocity, discharge, gradient

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22
Q

Stream load

A

material carried by a stream

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23
Q

dissolved load

A

mineral matter transported in liquid solution

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24
Q

suspended load

A

particles of fine grains and silt suspended in the water

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25
Q

bed load

A

large, course or sand, gravel, and pebbles that move along the bottom

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26
Q

velocity

A

distance the water travels in a period of time

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27
Q

discharge

A

volume of water moved by a stream within a given time

28
Q

gradient

A

steepness of a stream slope

29
Q

Stream deposition

A

as the velocity of a stream decreases, it drops the sediment it was carrying

30
Q

Delta

A

underwater deposit of sediment at the mouth of a stream into a lake or ocean

31
Q

alluvial fan

A

fan shaped deposit at the base of a slope on land

32
Q

youthful river

A

Straight, erodes rapidly, V-shaped, few tributaries, has waterfalls and Rapids

33
Q

mature river

A

meandering, winding, slow erosion, U-shaped, lots of tributaries, hold lots of water

34
Q

Old River

A

gradient and velocity decreases, no more erosion, more meandering

35
Q

floodplain

A

part of the yellow valley floor that maybe covered with water during a flood

36
Q

natural levee

A

raise Riverbank of that results when a river deposits its load at the rivers edge

37
Q

artificial Levee

A

earthen mounds built on the banks of a river/can also be made of concrete, sand bags, etc.

38
Q

flood control dams

A

Store flood water and let it out slowly

39
Q

groundwater

A

underground water that fills almost all the pores and rock and sediment – makes up 90% of the earths liquid freshwater

40
Q

porosity

A

refers to the percentage of open spaces in rock or sediment

41
Q

porosity affected by

A

sorting and way particles are packed together

42
Q

sorting

A

amount of uniformity in size of particle in a rock or sediment-same size particles equals large porosity – different size particles equals small porosity

43
Q

way particles are packed together

A

packed loosely equals high porosity - packed tightly equals low porosity

44
Q

permeability

A

how freely water passes through open spaces in rock or sediment – open spaces must be connected to be permeable

45
Q

impermeable

A

Rock or sediment that water cannot flow through

46
Q

zone of saturation

A

layer of groundwater where all pores are full

47
Q

aquifer

A

body of molten rock through with large amounts of water can flow in much water is stored

48
Q

water table

A

upper surface of the zone of saturation

49
Q

zone of aeration

A

zone that lies between water table and surface

-remains the dry except during rainfall

50
Q

well

A

A hole that is dug below the water table and fills with groundwater

51
Q

cone of depression

A

cone shaped depression and water table around a well

52
Q

artesian well

A

well in which water flows freely with no pumping necessary

53
Q

Spring

A

A small stream of water whose source. is groundwater that has reach the surface

54
Q

Hot spring

A

Hot groundwater that rises to surface before cooling

55
Q

geysers

A

Hot springs that he erupt periodically

56
Q

hard water

A

water that contains large amounts of dissolved minerals

has metallic taste, soap won’t make suds, damages appliances that use water

57
Q

caverns

A

large cave with connecting chambers – form due to erosion

58
Q

sinkhole

A

depression formed when the roof of a cavern collapses

59
Q

stalactite

A

cone shaped calcite deposit suspended from the ceiling of the cavern

60
Q

stalagmite

A

cone shaped calcite deposit build up from the ground of a cavern

61
Q

karst topography

A

characterized by sinkholes, sinkhole ponds, lost rivers and underground drainage

62
Q

sources of pollution

A

water dumps, underground storage tanks, agriculture and lawn fertilizers, pesticides, leaking sewage

63
Q

saltwater intrusion

A

The movement of salt water into fresh water aquifers caused by overpumping of wells in coastal areas

64
Q

conservation efforts can include

A

Monitor levels of water tables, discourage use of excess water, recycle, purifying used water

65
Q

ways to ensure water for future

A

conserve and desalination which is the removing of salt from the ocean water

Prefix words (13 decks)

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