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Prefix words > ecology and biomes > Flashcards

ecology and biomes Flashcards

1
Q

abiotic factors

A

all of the nonliving things in an environment

EX: wind, temp, water, light, soil

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2
Q

biotic factors

A

all of the living organisms in an environment

EX: plants, animals

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3
Q

habitat

A
  • the place where an organism lives out its life

- it can change or even diappear

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4
Q

niche

A

the role a species has in its environment like how it gets its food, how it survives, and how it reproduces

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5
Q

tolerance

A

the ability of an organism to withstand changes in abiotic or biotic factors around them

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6
Q

symbiosis

A

when different species live and interact in a close and permanent association

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7
Q

mutalism

A

both species benefit from association

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8
Q

parasitism

A

one benefits and one is harmed

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9
Q

commensalism

A

on benefits and one is unaffected

have a host

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10
Q

community

A

group of organisms of different species that interact with eachother

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11
Q

ecosystem

A

biotic factors in an area and the abiotic factors that impact them

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12
Q

biosphere

A

region on Earth where living organisms are found from the deep oceans to the atmosphere

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13
Q

biodiversity

A

different species of organisms as well as the genetic variety within a species

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14
Q

importance of keeping biodiversity in nature

A
  • great biodiversity gives stable ecosystems
  • food chains and food webs cannot exist without it
  • more resistant to disease
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15
Q

food chain

A

a simple model that shows the flow of energy in an ecosystem

EX: grass -> deer -> mountain lion

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16
Q

food web

A

a more complicated model that shows all of the feeding situations in an ecosystem

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17
Q

invasive/exotic species

A

species not native to a particular area, but now live and thrive in their new environment
-they have no natural predators

18
Q

what does more biodiversity mean

A

more complex food web which means a stable environment

19
Q

succession

A

natural changes and the replacement of different species in the communities of an ecosystem
-it can take a very long time to happen

20
Q

primary succession

A

the first arrival of communities of organisms in a formerly lifeless area

21
Q

pioneer species

A

the very first species to colonize a lifeless area

22
Q

colonization

A

moving from a familiar habitat to a new unfamiliar area

23
Q

secondary succession

A

changes in a community that occur when a natural or unnatural disaster destroys most of the individuals in a community

24
Q

climax community

A

a stable, mature community that undergoes little or no succession

25
Q

biome

A

a large group of ecosystems that share the same type of climax community

26
Q

marine biome

A

biomes that are found in salt water

27
Q

photic zone

A
  • the portion of the marine biomes that’s shallow enough for light to penetrate
  • it’s main food source is plankton which is small organisms that include small plants
28
Q

aphotic zone

A
  • deeper water that never gets sunlight

- dark, little food found, food falls from above

29
Q

estuary

A

anywhere where a river joins the ocean and freshwater mixes with salt water
(salinity changes with tides)

30
Q

detritus

A

tiny pieces of organic material

-food source for animals at the base of the estuary food web

31
Q

intertidal zone

A

the area that’s completely covered by water at high tide, but exposed at low tide

32
Q

freshwater biomes

A

no salt in the water

33
Q

what determines the type of terrestrial biome you are in

A

climograph

34
Q

desert

A

TERRESTRIAL BIOME

extremely dry, not always hot, very little vegetation, large areas of no life

35
Q

temperate grassland

A

TERRESTRIAL BIOME

  • large communities covered in grasses and other similar plants
  • usually has dry seasons so that little tree life can be supported
36
Q

humus

A

dead, decaying plant and animal matter which helps make up the underlying soil

37
Q

temperate forest

A

TERRESTRIAL BIOME

  • medium precipitation, noticeable seasons\
  • trees everywhere and most lose their leaves annually
  • clay dound under humus
  • we live here
38
Q

tropical rainforest

A

TERRESTRIAL BIOME

  • characterized by intense rainfall, many species from all kingdoms, and warm climate
  • located near the equator
  • has different levels within forests, providing many different niches
  • little humus bc dead organisms are decomposed quickly
39
Q

Tundra

A

TERRESTRIAL BIOME
-cold, little rainfall
-few large animals
-horrible, dark winters
-short growing season of plants is a strong limitign factor
Permafrost is permanently frozen ground that occurs bc the temp rarely reaches above freezing
EX: northern canada

40
Q

Taiga

A

TERRESTRIAL BIOME
-a bit warmer than Tundra and a bit more rainfall
- long severe winter and short mild summers
-more large animals than Tundra
called Boreal Forest in the less barren areas

Prefix words (13 decks)

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