plate tectonics

Question 1

Continental drift

Answer 1

The movement of the earths continents relative to each other

Question 2

when did Alfred Wegener develop his hypothesis

Answer 2

1912

Question 3

evidence of continental drift and plate tectonics

Answer 3

The continental puzzle fossils climate geology and sea floor spreading paleomagnetism

Question 4

Continental puzzle

Answer 4

The coastlines of complementary continents match shapes

Question 5

fossil

Answer 5

fossils of the same species are found on matching continents

Question 6

climate

Answer 6

evidence left behind by a shake glaciers indicate areas of common climates

Question 7

geological

Answer 7

matching rock types and mountain ranges on adjoining continents

Question 8

paleomagnetism

Answer 8

The earths magnetic pole shipped every few thousand years and magnetic minerals aligned themselves with the polls and it was discovered after Wegener’s time

Question 9

sea floor spreading

Answer 9

discovered in 1960 by Harry has and gave credibility to Wegner’s hypothesis and reopen the discussion in scientific circles

Question 10

seven major plates

Answer 10

earths surface consists of a number of rigid but moving pieces

Question 11

theory of plate tectonics

Answer 11

earths outer layer is made up of multiple plates that change position

Question 12

lithosphere

Answer 12

The solid portion of the earth broken into plates that mood with respect to one another and it’s made of crust and upper mantle and floats on the atmosphere

Question 13

oceanic crust

Answer 13

made up of a material on the ocean floor

Question 14

Continental crust

Answer 14

made up of the continental landmasses

Question 15

asthenosphere

Answer 15

later with the mantle that the lithospheric plates rest on

Question 16

mechanisms for plate tectonics

Answer 16

convection currents, gravity, earths rotation

Question 17

main reason Wagner was dismissed

Answer 17

he had no propose mechanism of movement

Question 18

convection current

Answer 18

convection is the transfer of heat, hotter material rises displacing cooler material, currents with an Earth’s mantle are created due to convection

Question 19

Gravity

Answer 19

slab pull occurs as the subducting plate sinks below the hot mantle beneath it and cooler material is more dense

Question 20

Coriolis effect

Answer 20

affects water movement

Question 21

plate boundaries

Answer 21

place where one plate is moving relative to another plate and boundaries are also areas of high heat flow, magma moves upward to surface and forms a volcano

Question 22

divergent boundaries

Answer 22

places where to lithospheric plates are moving apart and contain mid ocean ridges with deep valleys called rift valleys

Question 23

seafloor spreading

Answer 23

occurs when divergent occurs between two oceanic plates and hot magma rises, cools, and builds up the sea floor

Question 24

mid ocean ridge

Answer 24

underwater mountain range formed by plate tectonics

Question 25

ridge push

Answer 25

The newly cool and material spreads out, pushing the plates further apart

Question 26

ridge push

Answer 26

gravitational force that causes a plate to move away from the crest of an ocean ridge and into a subduction zone

Question 27

rift Valley

Answer 27

The valley between mid ocean ridges

Question 28

converging boundaries

Answer 28

places were to oceanic plates come together

Question 29

oceanic to oceanic crust convergence

Answer 29

One plate is subducted, forms trench, subducted play melts, molten rock rises to surface a long trench, forms island chain called an island arc

Question 30

Continental to oceanic convergence

Answer 30

when an ocean play and continental plate collide, ocean plate slides under continental plate

Question 31

Continental to continental convergence

Answer 31

two continental plates collide, become crumpled and uplifted, for mountain ranges, continental crust resist subduction

Question 32

transform fault boundary's

Answer 32

lithospheric plates are sliding past one another and example is the San Andreas Fault

Question 33

mountains

Answer 33

natural elevations of earths surface that are created through tectonics

Question 34

orogenesis

Answer 34

processes that result in the formation of mountains

Question 35

when rocks undergo stress

Answer 35

they can deform

Question 36

how do rocks deform

Answer 36

it depends on the rocks strength

Question 37

what influences rock Deformation

Answer 37

Rock type, pressure, temperature, time

Question 38

Deformation

Answer 38

changes in the original shape/size of a rock body

Question 39

brittle deformation

Answer 39

Low temperature and low-pressure | fracture once rock strength has exceeded pencil snaps

Question 40

ductile Deformation

Answer 40

high temperature and high pressure, mold rocks, not break them, Clay bends

Question 41

mountains are classified by

Answer 41

The processes that formed them

Question 42

folded mountains are the

Answer 42

most common type and occurred under high temperatures and high pressures "compressional stresses"

Question 43

mountains can be formed when the crust

Answer 43

"folds"

Question 44

types of mountains

Answer 44

folded mountains fault block mountains volcanic mountains

Question 45

fault

Answer 45

Break or crack along which rocks move, it is caused by stress faulted rocks have 2 blocks

Question 46

hanging wall

Answer 46

Block of rock above the fault

Question 47

footwall

Answer 47

Block of rock below fault

Question 48

normal fault

Answer 48

formed when hanging wall moves down relative to the foot wall

Question 49

reverse fault

Answer 49

formed when hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall

Question 50

strike-slip fault

Answer 50

rocks on either side of fault are moving past each other