Running Shoes

Question 1

Controlling foot motion

Answer 1

no evidence it is beneficial
does not decrease the rate of injury

Question 2

Prescribing shoe based on foot type

Answer 2

no evidence this is beneficial because most feet move similarly

Question 3

Shoes that are ____, _____, ______ can negatively impact foot function

Answer 3

too narrow
too still
don’t properly fit

Question 4

More midsole cushioning

Answer 4

may impair proprioception and stability

Question 5

Medial posting

Answer 5

shoe that has a firmer midsole material medially
increases medial knee stress, not recommended to control eversion

pushing off with inversion is ultimately better for the runner

Question 6

Fit and shape of a shoe

Answer 6

SHOES should fit the feet, not the other way around
better fit allows for better movement
can use the midsole to help you find the right size

remember that twisting is crucial, shoe should allow for that

Question 7

Shoe drops

Answer 7

not all drops are created equal

smaller drops cause more stress on the achilles
higher ratios can benefit calf/achilles issues

2:1 ratio of heel to forefoot–decreases proprioception and increase quad dominant activation

Question 8

What is important when changing shoe drop?

Answer 8

allow the runner to acclimate, more injuries are possible without acclimatization

Question 9

Shoe selection guidelines

Answer 9

well fitting, fit the foot, don’t cram it
compliant midsole
good geometry and torsion flex, allowing for drop/roll

Question 10

Has the incidence of running injuries has decreased from 1971 to present time?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Minimal shoes

Answer 11

can cause increased risk of injuries, shin/calf pain
either type of foot strike lease to an increase risk of injuries

Question 12

Forefoot and minimal shoes

Answer 12

No impact peak
lower loading rates
decreased forces at knee

but greater achilles/calf forces, greater stress at forefoot

Question 13

Rearfoot and minimal shoes

Answer 13

higher impact peak
higher loading rate

Question 14

Are there differences in running biomechanics between maximal and traditional shoes?

Answer 14

Elevated impact forces and loading rates in the max shoe, which may increase risk of injury

these factors were not mitigated after a brief acclimation period

Question 15

Will runners adapt to mitigate the high impact forces and loading rates of max shoes if given a longer acclimation period?

Answer 15

6 week transition from traditional to maximal did not change running biomechanics

max shoes cause increased impact forces, loading rates and prolonged eversion at both time points

all three increases would increase risk of injury

Question 16

Will we observe the same results if the shoe cushioning is more closely controlled?

Answer 16

directly manipulating cushioning did not cause differences in impact forces or loading rates between max and traditional shoes

runners still showed prolonged eversion in max shoe

specific construction of max shoe may be what is causing changes in impact forces and loading rates

Question 17

How do maximal racing shoes affect running biomechanics?

Answer 17

no increased injury risk in max shoes
differences in ankle biomechanics could help explain performance benefits