Running Flashcards

1
Q

Factors of running injuries

A

Health
Systemic
Training
Physiologic
Lifestyle

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2
Q

Health factors

A

previous injury
medical conditions

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3
Q

Lifestyle factors

A

nutrition
sleep
physical activity

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4
Q

Physiologic factors

A

biomechanics
muscle strength
motor control
ROM

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5
Q

Training factors

A

mileage
pace
shoes
surface

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6
Q

systemic factors

A

age
sex
anthropometrics/proportions of body

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7
Q

Running Gait Cycle

A

Stance –> Absorption, Propulsion
Swing –>Initial Swing, Terminal Swing
Double float

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8
Q

% of running gait makeup

A

20% double float (2 periods of 10%)
40% stance time
40% swing time

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9
Q

Ankle trends sagittal

A

DF through mid-stance, then PF through toe-off

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10
Q

Knee trends sagittal

A

flexion through midstance, then extension through toe-off

flexes until mid-swing

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11
Q

Hip trends sagittal

A

slight flexion or no change through loading response, then extension through toe-off

thigh position may suggest greater hip extension

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12
Q

Ankle trends frontal

A

eversion in first half, inversion second half of stance phase

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13
Q

Knee trends frontal

A

can be some varus or valgus, patient specific

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14
Q

Hip trends frontal

A

usually adduction through midstance, then abduction through toe-off

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15
Q

Glute max

A

decelerates hip flexion and initiates hip extension
mostly active at beginning of cycle, begins to activate again after first double float

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16
Q

Glute med

A

controls hip adduction
mainly active during stance phase

17
Q

Illiopsoas

A

hip flexion during initial swing
mainly active during double float

18
Q

Adductor magnus

A

assists hip extension
mainly during first 20%

19
Q

Adductor longus

A

assists hip flexion
double float is most active

20
Q

Quadriceps

A

stability, eccentric flexion control during early stance
mainly active at the beginning of the cycle

21
Q

Hamstrings

A

contribute to hip extension in early to midstance
flex knee, then decelerate knee extension during swing
mainly active at end of cycle

22
Q

Plantar flexors

A

control dorsiflexion, aid in propulsion
active at beginning at cycle

23
Q

Vertical ground reaction force parts

A

slope of line = vertical loading rate
impact peak = when foot hits ground
active peak = during the cycle

24
Q

shortly after impact, during the first half of the stance phase of running, the ankle usually performs these two motions in the sagittal and frontal planes

A

dorsiflexion
eversion

25
What are the reasons why the knee flexes through midswing?
To help clear the swing limb To change the moment of inertia of the leg To allow the leg to swing forward more efficiently
26
This muscle needs to contract before initial contact in order to stabilize the limb and prevent excessive hip adduction.
glute med
27
T/F The largest value in the vertical ground reaction force curve is always the active peak.
false
28
The rate at which a runner applies force to the ground during running is called the:
loading rate
29
T/F The lack of an impact peak and lower loading rate indicates that forefoot striking significantly reduces the rate of running-related injuries
False
30
T/F Higher posterior braking forces have been associated with injury in female runners
true
31
Which vGRF parameter may be related in injury risk in runners?
loading rate
32
Forefoot striking
lower loading rate no impact peak does not mean that individuals experience less injuries the force of impact just occurs later during forefoot striking, hidden within the active force
33
Evidence for/against forefoot
no evidence it reduces running injury rates it may decrease the risk of sustaining certain injuries (knee pain), but can increase other risk of injuries (calf/achilles)
34
Posterior force
braking force through first half of stance phase only kinetic variable that was identified as predictor of RRI in female runners
35
Anterior force
propulsive force during second half of stance phase