RTKs

Question 1

What does dimerization cause in RTKs

Answer 1

allows for trans-autophsophorylation of cytoplasmic domains

Question 2

What happens when the ligand binds to the ligand binding region of RTKS

Answer 2

causes a confrimational change

Question 3

What gets phosphorylatesd on RTKS

Answer 3

Tyrosine

Question 4

What does the phosphorylated tyrosine do

Answer 4

Act as a docking site for SH2 domains

Question 5

What are adapter proteins

Answer 5

Contain unique domains that recognize specefic sequences

Question 6

What Rous figure out about cancer

Answer 6

That is is a retrovirus which encodes a tyrosine kinase

Question 7

What does the normal Src have vs v-src

Answer 7

The normal one has a carboxyl terminus the virus one doesn’t

Question 8

What does the carboxyl terminus do

Answer 8

It is phosphorylated which acts as an inihibtory phoshphorylation because when it is phosphorylated it it stops the kinases

Question 9

What is RAS

Answer 9

It is a GTPase switch protien it is waht binds to the GTP or GDP

Question 10

Whats the difference between RAS and Ga

Answer 10

It is smaller
Lower GTPAse activtiy
Not linked directly to cell-surface receptors

Question 11

How does RAS get activated

Answer 11

FGF binds to FGFR it dimerizes and phoshporylates then SH2 binds to phosphotyrosine and SH3 binds to Sos which binds to Ras
Sos is a GEF and it now active

Question 12

What is the downstream kinase cascade

Answer 12

RAS-GTP
Activates RAF
MEK
MAPK

Question 13

What does MAPK do

Answer 13

Gene controllng, cell cycle, cell growth

Question 14

What is MAPK also called

Answer 14

ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase

Question 15

What does RAf bind to

Answer 15

S/T

Question 16

What does MEK bind to

Answer 16

S/T/Y

Question 17

What does MAPK bind too

Answer 17

S,T

Question 18

What happens when there is a mutation in an activating protein NF1

Answer 18

It is a gap protien that swtiches from GTP Ras to GDP form and when it is inactive it is always in the GTP form and constantly turing Kinases on

Question 19

What happens if there is a mutation in EGF receptor 2 (Her2)

Answer 19

It will causes dimerization and activation of receptor in absence of ligand

Question 20

What happens when the exterior is cleaved

Answer 20

It is binding EGF receptors leads to constitutive activation of cytoplasmic kinase domain

Question 21

Does HER2 bind to a ligand

Answer 21

NO

Question 22

What does HER 2 bind with

Answer 22

EVERYTHING

Question 23

What are the four ways that Herceptin can target HER2

Answer 23

1. Makes sure that it doesn’t get cleaved
2. Physically prevents them from hetero dimerizing
3. Trigger a T-cell an immune response triggers a cytosolic signal and selective death
4. Directed to lysosome physically removing it