Routine Chest Flashcards by Amy Mitchell

The MSP is _____ to the image receptor for a lateral projection of the chest.

Parallel

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If the lungs appear short and broad with a high diaphragm with organs lying away from the mid-line the body habits is?

Hypersthenic

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If the lungs appear long and extend well above the clavicles lungs are broader above then at their bases what type of body habits is this?

Asthenic

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For a well inspired chest radiograph there should be ___ ribs present within the air filled lungs.

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The space between the lungs that is bound anteriorly by the sternum and posteriorly by the vertebrae is referred to as the ________?

Mediastinum

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For an AP/PA projection of the chest, the ____________ is parallel to the film.

MCP

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The CR should be directed to the vertebral level of _____ of a PA projection of the chest.

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Another term for the trachea is?

Windpipe

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Another term for the Larynx is?

Voice box

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What vertebral level is the bottom of the scapulae?

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The epiglottis is found on the top of this structure and will elevate when a person swallows to avoid food going down the wrong tract.

Larynx

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The term used to describe a 72” SID for routine chest radiography is?

Teleroentgenogram

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What 2 positions are preferred for a chest radiography so that there is less magnification of the heart.

Left Lateral, PA

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Inhalation and exhalation films are performed for the following reasons. ( four examples )

Atelectasis 2. Diaphragm is fixed 3. Foreign Bodies are inhaled 4. Suspicion of a Pnemothorax

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Why is a double inspiration preferred for a chest radiograph?

More air is inhaled on the second breath.

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How many incomplete C-shaped cartilage rings are on the trachea?

16-20

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Left lung has how many lobes?

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Right lung has how many lobes?

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The most superior portion of the lungs is termed as the?

apices

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The muscle that is located between the thoracic and abdominal cavity?

Diaphragm

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Which half of the diaphragm is situate higher within the body and why?

Right because of the liver

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Name of the cartilage point where the right and left bronchus divide.

Carina

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4 reasons to perform chest radiography in the upright position whenever possible

prevent engorgement of pulmonary vessels 2. To allow full expansion of the lungs 3. shows air and fluid levels 4. allows gravity to depress the diaphragm

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To identify rotation of a PA position chest radiograph, you should look for symmetry of these on the finished radiograph?

SC joints/ Sternal ends

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To identify rotation of a lateral position chest radiograph you should look for what on the finished radiographed?

Superimposition of the posterior ribs to the vertebral column

The method name for an AP axial lordotic chest radiograph is called?

Lindblom Method

When the patient has their back against the bucky and they walk their feet out about a foot with their back arched and their shoulders still touch the board this position is called?

Lordotic

If a patient is unable to achieve the lordotic position what can be done in order to place the apices below the shadows of the clavicles on the finished radiograph?

aim the tube 15-20 degrees cephalic

For a routine PA chest position where should the top of the imaging plate be placed?

1 1/2 - 2'' above relaxed shoulders

Why is it important to have the patient elevate their arms for the lateral position of the chest?

So that the arms don't overlap the superior lungs

How do you remove the shadows of the scapulae from the lung field when performing a PA/AP chest

By rolling the shoulders forward

What is the proper SID used when performing an AP single view or portable AP chest radiograph?

60-72''

Where should the film be placed when performing an AP axial lordotic view of the chest and why?

3'' above their shoulders so that the apices lay below the clavicles

3 chest history questions

Are you having any pain in your chest if so where? Having any coughing, wheezing, short of breath? How long has this been going on?

List 3 pathologies specific to the chest cavity that you would list as previous conditions

Emphysema, Pneumonia, Atelectasis

What vertebral level is the carina?

T4/5

Mediastinal structures includes (6)

Heart, Great Vessels, Trachea, Esophagus, Lymphaitcs, Thymus

Is bound anteriorly by the sternum posteriorly by the vertebrae

Mediastinum

Respiratory system consists of (5)

Nose, Mouth, Pharynx, Trachea, Bronchi

Space between the lungs but does not include the lungs

mediastinum

What organ is part of both the respiratory and digestive systems

Pharynx

What vertebral level is the Larynx?

C-4 to C-6

What vertebral level is the Thyroid Cartilage?

What is found on top of the Larynx that elevates when a person swallow to avoid food going down the wrong tract?

Epiglottis

What vertebral level is the Trachea?

C6 to T4

What splits into 2 tubes called the primary or main stem bronco at level T4?

Trachea

Cartilage point where Right and Left Bronchus separate?

Carina

Which side of the lung is smaller due to the heart?

Left

Which side of the lung is shorter due to the liver?

Right

What vertebral level is where the ribs and diaphragm meet?

T12

Part of the lung that is located where the ribs and diaphragm meet is called the?

Costophrenic Angles

PA Chest

minimum SID of 72'' , 14x17'' in upright bucky, Place top of IR 1 1/2-2'' above relaxed shoulders, Center MSP to midline of IR, Roll shoulders forward, Relax shoulders, Central Ray perpendicular to the IR, Center at the level of T7, Shield Patient. double inspiration

Evaluation Criteria for PA chest

Entire Lung filed from apices to costophrenic angles, no rotation, scapula outside of the lung fields, 10 posterior ribs.

Lateral Chest

14x17 LW, MSP will be parallel to IR, Shoulders touching Bucky, MCP will be perpendicular to IR, Have arms up out of the radiograph, Place top of IR 1 1/2 - 2'' above the shoulders. Central Ray will be perpendicular to the IR Center on at level T7 from the MCP. shield patient. double inspiration

Evaluation Criteria for Lateral Chest

Superimposition of the posterior ribs, arms not overlapping superior lungs, costophrenic angles and apices, outline of the heart and diaphragm, hilum around the center of the radiograph.

AP Chest

14-17'' LW or CW depending on body size, 72" or 60" (Wheeling Hospital uses 50") Center the MSP to center of the IR, Place upper boarder of IR 1 1/2 - 2'' above relaxed shoulders, if possible pronate hands and place on hips, CR perpendicular to the IR, CR should enter 3'' below the jugular notch (T7), double inspiration

Evaluation Criteria for AP Chest

SC joints equal distant from vertebral column, clavicles will be more horizontal, no rotation of ribs, entire lung fields from apices to costophrenic angles.

PA/AP Chest CR should always remain _______ to the IR with the face of the tube _________ to the IR.

Perpindicular, Parallel

AP Axial Chest

14X17 LW or CW depending on body size, lindblom method, lordotic position, CR perpendicular to the center of the IR at the Mid-Sternum, 72'' SID

Evaluation Criteria for AP axial

Clavicles lying above the apices, sc joints equal distance from vertebrae, clavicles ends overlapping the 1st and 2nd ribs.

PA _______ gets thrown up

Apecies

AP ________ gets thrown up

Clavicles

Standard Oblique is how many degrees?

PA Oblique Chest

14-17 LW, RAO, LAO positions, Place IR 1 1/2 - 2'' above C7, CR perpindicular to the IR approx at level T7

For PA Oblique projection the side _______ from the board is the side of interest.

Farthest

For AP Oblique projection the side _____ from the board is the side of interest.

Closest

3 Rules for Debubs

Recumbent, Vertical IR, Horizotal CR

What cavity contains the heart and lungs?

Thoracic

Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Diaphragm

Which part of the thoracic cavity contains all thoracic organs except the lungs and pleurae?

Mediastinum

Which bony structure forms the anterior border of the mediastinum?

Sternum

What mediastinal structure consist of C-shaped cartilaginous rings?

Trachea

What area of the trachea divides into two lesser tubes?

Carina

What structures branch from the distal end of the trachea?

Primary Bronchi

Which Primary bronchus is shorter and wider than the other?

Right

What thoracic structures are the organs of respiration?

Lungs

What is the name of the medial aspect of each lung in which the primary bronchus enters?

Hilum

What is the name of the superior portion of each lung?

Apex

Which structures are at the terminal end of the respiratory system?

Alveoli

Name the three portions of the pleura

Visceral Pleura, Partieal, Pleural Cavity

2 muscles on a radiograph of the chest

Diaphragm, Heart

Why would your radiograph in Lordotic position

Clear apecies in case of lesion or nodule