Routes, Airways, and Charts

Question 1

What are airways?

Answer 1

Highways of the sky, used by aircraft in controlled airspace to go point to point

Question 2

What are air routes?

Answer 2

Used by aircraft in uncontrolled airspace to go point to point

Question 3

What are low-level airway (LLA)?

Answer 3

Route within controlled low-level airspace (between 2200 feet AGL and 18,000 ft ASL)

Question 4

What are the different types of low-level airways and air routes?

Answer 4

• Victor airways
• RNAV airways
• T-routes
• L-routes

Question 5

What are high-level airway (HLA)?

Answer 5

Prescribed track between specified fixes in controlled high-level airspace

Question 6

What are the different types of high-level airways and air routes?

Answer 6

• Jet airways
• Q-routes

Question 7

What are the designated areas of controlled airspace?

Answer 7

• Control Zones
• Terminal Control Areas
• Control Area Extensions
• Transition Areas

Question 8

What are control zones?

Answer 8

Designated areas around certain aerodromes; radius usually 5, 7, and 10 NM and usually 3000 feet AAE

Question 9

What are terminal control areas?

Answer 9

Exist at high-volume airports to provide ATC service to arriving, departing, and enroute aircraft

Question 10

What are control area extensions (CAE)?

Answer 10

Established at some busy airports where controlled airspace insufficient to permit required separation between IFR arrivals and departures

Question 11

What are transitions areas?

Answer 11

Established when it is advantageous or necessary to provide additional controlled airspace for containment of IFR operations

Question 12

How many different minimum IFR altitudes are there and what are they?

Answer 12

• 8 kinds
• Minimum obstacle clearance altitude (MOCA)
• Minimum reception altitude (MRA)
• Minimum enroute altitude (MEA)
• Minimum sector altitude (MSA)
• Minimum vectoring altitude (MVA)
• Safe altitude 100 NM
• Area minimum altitude (AMA)
• Transition altitude

Question 13

What is MOCA?

Answer 13

Minimum obstacle clearance altitude - lowest altitude an aircraft can clear an obstacle on the airways or air routes

Question 14

What is MRA?

Answer 14

Minimum reception altitude - lowest altitude that will allow you to reception altitude aircraft needs to receive NAVAID they are going towards

Question 15

What is MVA?

Answer 15

Minimum vectoring altitude - seen in terminal environment, this is the minimum altitude for vectoring an aircraft

Question 16

What is MEA?

Answer 16

Minimum ennroute altitude - lowest altitude for obstacle clearance and reception of NAVAIDs on an airway (combination of MOCA and MRA)

Question 17

What is MSA?

Answer 17

Minimum sector altitude - lowest altitude that provide minimum clearance of 1000 ft under conditions of standard temperature and pressure in the sector

Question 18

What is safe altitude 100 NM?

Answer 18

Lowest altitude that provide minimum clearance of 1000 feet above all obstacles within 100 NM of aerodrome

Question 19

What is AMA?

Answer 19

Area minimum altitude - lowest altitude that provides minimum vertical clearance of 1000 feet above all obstacles located in area specified

Question 20

What is transition altitude?

Answer 20

Highest altitude which vertical position of aircraft expressed in feet

Question 21

What are SIDs?

Answer 21

Standard Instrument Departures - there are two types: pilot navigation and vector; published and provides altitude and lateral guidance that the aircraft will fly; transition between departure and enroute phase of flight

Question 22

What are STARs?

Answer 22

Standard Terminal Arrival - transition from enroute to approach phase of flight; lines them up for final but are not cleared to land as they do not know the lateral altitude for landing and the active runways

Question 23

How many commonly used charts are used in operations and what are they?

Answer 23

• 6 types of charts
• VFR aeronatutical charts
• Canada Air Pilot (CAP)
• Terminal charts
• Enroute low altitude charts (LO charts)
• Enroute high altitude charts (HI charts)
• Canada Flight Supplement (CFS)

Question 24

What are the three different types of VFR aeronautical charts?

Answer 24

• VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTAs)
• VFR Navigation Charts (VNCs)
• World Aeronautical Charts (WACs)

Question 25

What are VTAs used for and what information do they provide?

Answer 25

Provides detailed information operating in busy terminal areas and allows VFR pilots to navigate more precisely in terminal area

Question 26

What are VNCs used for?

Answer 26

Provide navigation information to pilots during enroute portion of VFR flight

Question 27

What are WACs used for?

Answer 27

Used for flight planning and in-flight navigation on extended cross-country flights at low-to-medium altitudes and medium-to-high airspeed

Question 28

What information does the CAP provide?

Answer 28

Provides aeronautical information primarily related to IFR arrival or departure phases of flight

Question 29

How often are the CAP updated?

Answer 29

Every 56 days

Question 30

What are terminal charts?

Answer 30

Enroute charts that provide IFR pilots with navigational information in busy terminal environments

Question 31

What are LO charts?

Answer 31

Provide navigation information for IFR flights in low-level airspace

Question 32

What are HI charts?

Answer 32

Provide pilots with navigational information required to navigate higher altitudes

Question 33

What is the CFS?

Answer 33

Joint civilian-military publication that contains information on Canadian and North Atlantic aerodromes

Question 34

How often is the CFS issued?

Answer 34

Every 56 days