Routes, Airways, and Charts Flashcards
What are airways?
Highways of the sky, used by aircraft in controlled airspace to go point to point
What are air routes?
Used by aircraft in uncontrolled airspace to go point to point
What are low-level airway (LLA)?
Route within controlled low-level airspace (between 2200 feet AGL and 18,000 ft ASL)
What are the different types of low-level airways and air routes?
- Victor airways
- RNAV airways
- T-routes
- L-routes
What are high-level airway (HLA)?
Prescribed track between specified fixes in controlled high-level airspace
What are the different types of high-level airways and air routes?
- Jet airways
- Q-routes
What are the designated areas of controlled airspace?
- Control Zones
- Terminal Control Areas
- Control Area Extensions
- Transition Areas
What are control zones?
Designated areas around certain aerodromes; radius usually 5, 7, and 10 NM and usually 3000 feet AAE
What are terminal control areas?
Exist at high-volume airports to provide ATC service to arriving, departing, and enroute aircraft
What are control area extensions (CAE)?
Established at some busy airports where controlled airspace insufficient to permit required separation between IFR arrivals and departures
What are transitions areas?
Established when it is advantageous or necessary to provide additional controlled airspace for containment of IFR operations
How many different minimum IFR altitudes are there and what are they?
- 8 kinds
- Minimum obstacle clearance altitude (MOCA)
- Minimum reception altitude (MRA)
- Minimum enroute altitude (MEA)
- Minimum sector altitude (MSA)
- Minimum vectoring altitude (MVA)
- Safe altitude 100 NM
- Area minimum altitude (AMA)
- Transition altitude
What is MOCA?
Minimum obstacle clearance altitude - lowest altitude an aircraft can clear an obstacle on the airways or air routes
What is MRA?
Minimum reception altitude - lowest altitude that will allow you to reception altitude aircraft needs to receive NAVAID they are going towards
What is MVA?
Minimum vectoring altitude - seen in terminal environment, this is the minimum altitude for vectoring an aircraft
What is MEA?
Minimum ennroute altitude - lowest altitude for obstacle clearance and reception of NAVAIDs on an airway (combination of MOCA and MRA)
What is MSA?
Minimum sector altitude - lowest altitude that provide minimum clearance of 1000 ft under conditions of standard temperature and pressure in the sector
What is safe altitude 100 NM?
Lowest altitude that provide minimum clearance of 1000 feet above all obstacles within 100 NM of aerodrome
What is AMA?
Area minimum altitude - lowest altitude that provides minimum vertical clearance of 1000 feet above all obstacles located in area specified
What is transition altitude?
Highest altitude which vertical position of aircraft expressed in feet
What are SIDs?
Standard Instrument Departures - there are two types: pilot navigation and vector; published and provides altitude and lateral guidance that the aircraft will fly; transition between departure and enroute phase of flight
What are STARs?
Standard Terminal Arrival - transition from enroute to approach phase of flight; lines them up for final but are not cleared to land as they do not know the lateral altitude for landing and the active runways
How many commonly used charts are used in operations and what are they?
- 6 types of charts
- VFR aeronatutical charts
- Canada Air Pilot (CAP)
- Terminal charts
- Enroute low altitude charts (LO charts)
- Enroute high altitude charts (HI charts)
- Canada Flight Supplement (CFS)
What are the three different types of VFR aeronautical charts?
- VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTAs)
- VFR Navigation Charts (VNCs)
- World Aeronautical Charts (WACs)
What are VTAs used for and what information do they provide?
Provides detailed information operating in busy terminal areas and allows VFR pilots to navigate more precisely in terminal area
What are VNCs used for?
Provide navigation information to pilots during enroute portion of VFR flight
What are WACs used for?
Used for flight planning and in-flight navigation on extended cross-country flights at low-to-medium altitudes and medium-to-high airspeed
What information does the CAP provide?
Provides aeronautical information primarily related to IFR arrival or departure phases of flight
How often are the CAP updated?
Every 56 days
What are terminal charts?
Enroute charts that provide IFR pilots with navigational information in busy terminal environments
What are LO charts?
Provide navigation information for IFR flights in low-level airspace
What are HI charts?
Provide pilots with navigational information required to navigate higher altitudes
What is the CFS?
Joint civilian-military publication that contains information on Canadian and North Atlantic aerodromes
How often is the CFS issued?
Every 56 days
