Rotavirus

Question 1

Viral family and properties

Answer 1

• Reovirus
  
  • Strand
    
    • DS
  • Envelope
    
    • No
  • Symmetry
    
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    
    • Linear

Question 2

Disease caused

Answer 2

• Fatal diarrhea in children
  
  • Stools are clear (“white stool diarrhea”)

Question 3

What is the pathophysiology of the diarrhea caused by rotavirus?

Answer 3

Villous destruction with atrophy leads to ↓ absorption of Na⁺ and loss of K⁺

• Remember:*
• ROTA = Right Out The Anus

Question 4

During what season is rotavirus the major cause of acute diarrhea in the United States?

Answer 4

Winter, although a new vaccine is significantly reducing cases of rotavirus

Question 5

In what settings are rotavirus diarrhea commonly seen?

Answer 5

Daycare centers and kindergartens

Question 6

Vaccine type

Answer 6

Live attenuated

Memory aid:

• _M_usic and L_YRICSS_ are best enjoyed live!
  
  • _M_MR
  • _Y_ellow fever
  • _R_otavirus
  • _I_nfluenza (intranasal)
  • _C_hickenpox (VZV)
  • _S_mallpox
  • _S_abin polio virus

Question 7

Rotavirus vaccine

• 1st dose
• Last dose
• Monovalent (RV1)/Rotarix
• Pentavalent (RV5)/RotaTeq
• Minimum interval

Answer 7

• 1st dose
  
  • 6 weeks of age
• Last dose
  
  • Not later than 32 weeks of age
• Monovalent (RV1)/Rotarix
  
  • 2-dose series
• Pentavalent (RV5)/RotaTeq
  
  • 3-dose series
• Minimum interval
  
  • 4 weeks