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Infectious - 3. Virology > DNA viruses overview > Flashcards

DNA viruses overview Flashcards

1
Q

What are the DNA viruses?

A
  • Hepadnavirus
  • Herpesvirus
  • Adenovirus
  • Poxvirus
  • Parvovirus
  • Papillomavirus
  • Polyomavirus

Memory aid:

  • DNA viruses are _HHAPPPP_y viruses!
    • Heppy (Hepadna)
    • Herpes
    • Adelle
    • Fucks
    • Pervy
    • Pappi
    • Polyo
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2
Q

All DNA viruses are ____, ____ and ____ with some exceptions

A
  • Linear
  • Icosahedral
  • DsDNA

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except – Linear, Icosahedral, Double stranded
    • All DNA viruses are linear except papillomavirus, polyomavirus, and hepadnavirus
    • All DNA viruses icosahedral except poxvirus
    • All DNA viruses are DS except parvovirus
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3
Q

DNA strands

A

All DNA viruses are dsDNA except the Parvoviridae

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except
  • All are dsDNA (like our cells), except “part-of-avirus” (parvovirus) is ssDNA
  • Etymology:*
  • Parvo means small: small and single
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4
Q

Genome shape

A
  • All are linear except:
    • papilloma- (circular, supercoiled)
    • polyoma- (circular, supercoiled)
    • hepadnaviruses (circular)

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except
  • He’s not in line; so hep pop and pol
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5
Q

Site of DNA virus replication

A

All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus (except poxvirus – carries own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and can replicate without nuclear enzymes)

Memory aid:

  • DNA
  • Dun sa Nucleus
  • Pox is out of the box (nucleus)
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6
Q

DNA symmetry

A

Are icosahedral except pox which is complex

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7
Q

Only DNA virus that produces DNA by reverse transcription

A

Hepadnavirus

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8
Q

Which are enveloped DNA viruses?

A
  • All are naked except:
    • Hepadnavirus
    • Herpesviruses
    • Poxvirus
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9
Q

Herpesvirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
A
  • Strand
    • Double stranded
  • Envelope
    • Yes
  • Symmetry
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Liner
  • Summary:*
  • All DNA viruses are LID except
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10
Q

Examples of herpesvirus

A
  • Herpes simplex virus-1
  • Herpes simplex virus-2
  • Varicella-Zoster virus (HHV-3)
  • Epstein-Barrvirus (HHV-4)
  • Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5)
  • Human herpesviruses 6 and 7
  • Human herpesviruses 8
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11
Q

Herpesvirus that is not medically significant

A

Human herpesvirus 7 is not clinically significant

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12
Q
  1. Which herpesvirus most often causes oral lesions as well as keratoconjunctivitis?
  2. Which herpesvirus most often causes genital lesions in humans?
A
  1. Herpes simplex virus type 1
  2. Herpes simplex virus type 2
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13
Q

All DNA viruses contain double-stranded DNA, except for which family?

A

Parvoviridae, which has single-stranded DNA

  • Remember:*
  • Part-of-a-virus
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14
Q

Hepadnavirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
  • Example
A
  • Strand
    • Partially ds
  • Envelope
    • Yes
  • Symmetry
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Circular
  • Example
    • Hepatitis B

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except – _L_inear, _I_cosahedral, _D_ouble stranded
  • All DNA viruses are linear except papillomavirus, polyomavirus, and hepadnavirus
  • All DNA viruses icosahedral except poxvirus
  • All DNA viruses are DS except parvovirus
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15
Q

Unique property of hepadnavirus

A

Not a retrovirus but has reverse transcriptase

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16
Q

Spherical particle found in the serum in hepatitis B

A

Dane particle

17
Q

Poxvirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
A
  • Strand
    • DS
  • Envelope
    • Yes
  • Symmetry
    • Complex
  • Shape
    • Linear

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except – _L_inear, _I_cosahedral, _D_ouble stranded
  • All DNA viruses are linear except papillomavirus, polyomavirus, and hepadnavirus
  • All DNA viruses icosahedral except poxvirus
  • All DNA viruses are DS except parvovirus
18
Q

Disease (s) caused by poxvirus

A
  • Smallpox
  • Cowpox (“milkmaid blisters”)
  • Molluscum contagiosum
19
Q

Adenovirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
A
  • Strand
    • DS
  • Envelope
    • No
  • Symmetry
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Linear

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except – _L_inear, _I_cosahedral, _D_ouble stranded
  • All DNA viruses are linear except papillomavirus, polyomavirus, and hepadnavirus
  • All DNA viruses icosahedral except poxvirus
  • All DNA viruses are DS except parvovirus
20
Q

Diseases caused by adenovirus

A
  • Conjunctivitis (“pink eye”)
    • Most common cause is adenovirus
  • URT infections
    • Coryza, febrile pharyngitis
  • GUT infection
    • Acute hemorrhagic cystitis
  • LRT infection
    • Bronchitis, atypical pneumonia
  • GIT infection
    • Acute gastroenteritis

Memory aid:

  • Just imagine adelle cancelling her concert because of these!
    • ​Hindi maka-kanta d/t sore throat
    • Hindi maka-eye-to-eye d/t conjunctivitis
    • Hindi makahinga d/t pneumonia
    • Nag-iihi ng dugo
    • Nagtatae
21
Q

Histopath finding in adenovirus infection

A

Cowdry type B intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions

22
Q

Papillomavirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
A
  • Strand
    • DS
  • Envelope
    • No
  • Symmetry
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Circular

Mnemonic:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except
    • Linear except hepadnavirus, papillomavirus and polyomavirus
    • Icosahedral except poxvirus
    • Double stranded except parvovirus
23
Q

Parvovirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Structure
  • Shape
  • Example
A
  • Strand
    • SS
  • Envelope
    • No
  • Structure
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Linear
  • Example
    • B19

Mnemonic:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except
    • Linear except hepadnavirus, papillomavirus and polyomavirus
    • Icosahedral except poxvirus
    • Double stranded except parvovirus
24
Q

Diseases caused by parvovirus

A
  • Pure RBC aplasia
  • Aplastic crises
  • Rheumatoid arthritis-like symptoms
  • Vth (5th) disease
  • hydrOps fetalis (d/t RBC destruction)
25
Q

What skin exanthem does parvovirus B19 cause in children?

A

Erythema infectiosum (“slapped-cheek” rash)

  • Memory aid:*
  • slaPParvo
26
Q

Sequela of parvovirus fetal infections in relation to AOG

A
  • 1st trimester – fetal death
  • 2nd trimester – hydrops fetalis
27
Q

Chickenpox, zoster, and shingles are caused by what DNA virus?

A

Varicella zoster virus

28
Q

All DNA viruses are icosahedral except which one?

A

Poxvirus; it is complex

29
Q

Which types of patients are particularly vulnerable to significant cytomegalovirus infection?

A

Immunosuppressed patients (especially transplant recipients) and the fetuses of infected mothers

30
Q

EBV

  • Another name
  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
A
  • Another name
    • HHV 4
  • Strand
    • Double stranded
  • Envelope
    • Yes
  • Symmetry
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Linear

Memory aid:

  • All DNA viruses are LID except
  • Hepadna, Papilloma and Polyoma which are not linear
  • Icosahedral except pox which is complex
  • Double stranded except parvovirus which is single stranded
31
Q

Epstein-Barr virus causes what conditions?

A
  • Infectious mononucleosis
  • Burkitts lymphoma
  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
32
Q

Disease caused by HHV 6 and 7

A

Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum)

  • Note:*
  • HHV-7 is less common cause of roseola
  • Memory aid:*
  • HHV-_6_ | Ro-_6-la | Exanthem _6-bitum
33
Q

Which DNA virus is associated with Kaposi sarcoma?

A

Human herpesvirus type 8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus)

34
Q

Polyomavirus

  • Strand
  • Envelope
  • Symmetry
  • Shape
  • Examples
A
  • Strand
    • DS
  • Envelope
    • No
  • Symmetry
    • Icosahedral
  • Shape
    • Circular
  • Examples
    • JC virus
    • BK virus
  • Memory aid:*
  • All DNA viruses are LID except
35
Q

Example (s) of polyomavirus virus and disease (s) caused

A
  • JC virus
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in HIV
  • BK virus
    • Transplant patients, commonly targets kidney

Memory aid:

  • JC: Junky Cerebrum
  • BK: Bad Kidney
36
Q

HSV-infected cells contain inclusion bodies known as what?

A

Cowdry A intranuclear inclusions

Infectious - 3. Virology (19 decks)

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