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plant id > Rosids > Flashcards

Rosids Flashcards

1
Q

What group is sister to Rosids?

A

Saxifragales

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2
Q

What two main groups are Rosids divided into?

A

Fabids

Malvids

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3
Q

Which Rosid group does not fall within the Eurosids?

A

Vitales

Eurosids are Malvids and Fabids

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4
Q

When Rosids and Saxifragales are grouped together, what is the clade known as?

A

Superrosids

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5
Q

Give some clades within the Fabids.

A 
Zygophyllales
Celastrales
Oxalidales
Malpighiales
Cucurbitales
Fagales
Fabales
Rosales
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6
Q

Give some clades within the Malvids.

A 
Geraniales
Myrtales
Crossosomatales
Picramniales
Sapindales
Huerteales
Malvales
Brassicales
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7
Q

What features define Rosids?

A 
Perianth usually differentiated or absent
Petals usually free, if present
Two or more whorls of stamens
Well-developed stipules
Anthers versatile
Embryo large
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8
Q

Describe the features of Rosaceae.

A

Leaves - alternate, toothed, often compound, stipulate
Flowers - valvate calyx, epicalyx often present
Petals - free, often clawed
Hypanthium present
Cyanogenesis common

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9
Q

What is the floral formula of Rosaceae?

A

So, (K5, C5, A10-n), Gs(1-n); achene, drupe, follicle, pome

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10
Q

What fruits can Rosaceae produce?

A

Achene, drupe, drupelet, pome

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11
Q

What 3 classes of Rosaceae are native to the UK?

A

Rosoideae
Amygdaloideae
Dryoideae

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12
Q

What genera of Rosoideae are native to the UK?

A 
-Herbaceous
Agrimonia
Filipendula
Geum
Potentilla
Alchemillae
Fragariae
Poterium
Sanguisorba
-Scrambling with
prickles
Rosa
Rubus
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13
Q

What genera of Amygdaloideae are native to the UK?

A 
Prunus
Sorbus
Crataegus
Cotoneaster
Malus
Pyrus
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14
Q

What genera of Dryoideae are native to the UK?

A

Dryas

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15
Q

What is the floral formula of Fabaceae?

A

Sz, K(5), C3+(2), A(10)/(9)+1, Gs1;

legume

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16
Q

Describe the features of Fabaceae.

A

Leaves - alternate, stipulate, compound

Flowers - papilionoid (banner, 2 wings, 2 connate petals forming the keel)

17
Q

What are the four groups of UK native Fabaceae?

A

Woody
Lotus
Vicia
Astralagus

18
Q

What genera of woody Fabaceae are native to the UK?

A

Ulex
Cytisus
Genista

19
Q

What genera of lotus Fabaceae are native to the UK?

A

Lotus
Anthyllis
Ornithopus
Hippocrepis

20
Q

What type of inflorescence do lotus Fabaceae have?

A

Umbel

21
Q

What genera of Vicia Fabaceae are native to the UK?

A 
Vicia
Lathyrus
Trifolium
Medicago
Ononis
22
Q

What type of inflorescence do Vicia Fabaceae have?

A

Raceme

23
Q

What genera of Astragalus Fabaceae are native to the UK?

A

Astragalus

Oxytropis

24
Q

What type of inflorescence do Astragalus Fabaceae have?

A

Raceme

25
Q

What are the floral formulae for Euphorbiaceae?

A

Male: So, P{0-3}, A1-n, G0
Female: So, P{0-3}, A0, Gs(2-3), schizocarp

26
Q

Describe the features of Euphorbiaceae.

A 
Leaves - alternate
Latex producing
Stipules common but not in UK natives
Flowers - small, unisex
Perianth - inconspicuous, contained in cyathium in Euphorbia
2-3 capels with prominent stigmas
27
Q

Describe the inflorescence of Euphorbia.

A

Cup shaped cyathium
Contains 5 male and 1 female flower
Male single samen on long pedicel

28
Q

What is the floral formula for Geraniaceae?

A

So/z, K5, C5, A5+5, Gs(5), capsule, schizocarp

29
Q

Describe the features of Geraniaceae.

A 
Often herbs with jointed stems
Leaves stipulate; simple or compound
All flower parts free except carpel
Sepals often aristate or acuminate
Fruit (capsule) consists of 5 cells, each producing one seed, joined to a column produced from the centre of the old flower
30
Q

What genera of Geraniaceae are native to the UK?

A

Geranium

Erodium

31
Q

Describe the features of Geranium.

A

Leaves with palmate venation

Fruit capsule splitting into component carpels, each becoming reflexed but remaining attached distally

32
Q

Describe the features of Erodium.

A

Leaves with pinnate venation or pinnately compound

Fruit capsule splitting into component carpels, with style becoming coiled, eventually separating completely

33
Q

What is the floral formula of the Onagraceae?

A

So/z, (K{4}, C0/4, A2/4+4) Gi(2/4), capsule, berry, nut

34
Q

Describe the Onagraceae.

A

Herbs or shrubs
Leaves - opposite or alternate, simple, usually exstipulate
Flowers often 4 merous, inferior ovary, well developed hypanthium
Calyx thin and reflexed
Stamens up to 8 in two whorls of 4
Pollen has viscin threads so conspicuously clumped

35
Q

What genera of Onagraceae are native to the UK?

A 
Ludwigia
Epilobium
Chamerion
Oenothera
Circaea
36
Q

What is the floral formula of the Brassicaceae?

A

So/z, K4, C4, A2+4, Gs(2), capsule, berry

37
Q

Describe the Brassicaceae.

A

Herbs
Leaves - alternate, simple or compound, exstipulate
Petals - 4, often clawed, arranged in +shape
Stamens - 6; 2 short, 4 long; tetradynamous
Fruit long and thin (siliqua) or short and fat (silicule), divided by persistent placentae and septum (replum)

38
Q

What genera of Brassicaceae are native to the UK?

A

28 genera

Mustard family

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