Bryophytes Flashcards
What three groups comprise the Bryophytes?
Liverworts
Hornworts
Mosses
By what name are the Marchantiopsida commonly known?
Liverworts
By what name are the Anthoceratopsida commonly known?
Hornworts
By what name are the Bryopsida commonly known?
Mosses
Describe the Gametophyte of Marchantiopsida.
Leafy or thalloid Protonema thalloid with one bud Leaves in 3 rows Leaves sometimes divided into 2 or more lobes, no midvein Unicellular rhizoids
Describe the Sporophyte of Marchantiopsida.
Capsule undifferentiated, spherical or elongate, often split into 4 valves
Stalk elongates just prior to spore release
No specialised conducting cells
Elaters - spirally thickened sterile cells that aid dispersal
Describe the Gametophyte of Bryopsida.
Protonema filamentous, many buds Leafy shoot, leaves in spirals Leaves undifferentiated, often have midvein Hydroids and leptoids Multicellular rhizoids
Describe the Sporophyte of Bryopsida.
Emergent from gametophyte early in development
Sporangium complex with operculum, theca and neck, columella
Opens via operculum and peristome teeth
Sometimes with stomata
What groups can UK Bryopsida be divided into?
Acrocarpous
Pleurocarpous
Sphagnaceae
What features define Acrocarpous Bryopsida?
Separate upright shoots
Sporophyte on tip of shoots
Determinate growth
Cells usually isodiametric, shortly rectangular
What features define Pleurocarpous Bryopsida?
Branched stems, often prostrate growth
Sporophyte on short bud like lateral branches
Indeterminate growth
Cells usually elongated, linear
By what name is Sphagnum commonly known?
Bog moss
What features define Sphagnaceae?
Leafy shoots erect and branched
Apical cluster of branches capitulum
No rhizoids
2 types of cell; green chlorocysts, inflated dead hyalocysts
