Caryophyllids Flashcards
What character states are common among Caryophyllids?
Betalain pigments
P type sieve tube plastids
Irregular secondary growth
Succulence/salt tolerance
What sieve tube plastids can be seen in flowering plants?
Starch - S type (most dicots)
Protein - P type (monocots)
Protein - Pā type (caryophyllids)
What is the floral formula of the Amaranthaceae?
So, T{4-5}, A4-10, Gs(2-3), capsule
Describe the Amaranthaceae.
(Includes Chenopodiaceae)
Shrubs or herbs
Many species halophytes (adapted for dry, saline environments)
Often succulent, usually alternate leaves
Exstipulate
Undifferentiated perianth
What genera of Amaranthaceae are native to the UK?
Chenopodium Beta Atriplex Suaeda Salsola Salicornia Sarcocornia
What is the floral formula of the Caryophyllaceae?
So, K{4-5}, C4-5, A4-10, Gs(2-5), capsule
Describe the Caryophyllaceae.
Herbs Anthocyanins NOT betalains Leaves opposite Stipules present or absent Perianth differentiated Androgynophore sometimes present Fruit a loculicidal capsule
What are some UK native genera of Caryophyllaceae?
Corrigula Herniaria Illecebrum Polycarpon Spergula Spergularia Sagina Minuartia Scleranthus Honkenya Arenaria Stellaria - includes Myosoton Moenchia Holosteum Cerastium Saponaria Dianthus Agrostemma Silene
What is the floral formula of the Polygonaceae?
So, T{5-6}, A(6-9), Gs(2-3), achene
Describe the features of the Polygonaceae.
Herbs, shrubs, trees, vines
Leaves alternate
Stipules present and united into thin sheath around stem (ochrea)
Perianth undifferentiated
What are the UK native genera of Polygonacea?
Koenigia Polygonum Persicaria Fallopia Oxyria Rumex
Other than Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Polygonaceae, what are some other families of the Caryophyllids?
Cactaceae Nyctaginaceae Plumbaginaceae Droseraceae Nepenthaceae Aizoaceae
