Rome Notes Flashcards
Roman Origins times
Circa 1000-509 bc
Name the three periods in roman history
Roman Origins
Roman Republic
Roman Empire
Roman Republic times
509-31 bc
Roman Empire times
31 bc-476 ad
Three things that were about the geography of Rome
Protection for Rome and Italy
Unification of Italy under Rome
Farmin and Trade
Three things that provided protection for Rome and Italy that are geography related
Alps
Seas
Poor harbors in eastern Italy
Geography: protection: alps
Barrier to the north
Geography: protection:seas
Barriers to the other 3 sides
Geography: protection: poor harbors in eastern Italy
Little interference from cultures to the east
Geography of Rome: two things about the unification of Italy under Rome
Rome located centrally on peninsula
Apennine Mountains run north-south
Geography:Italy under Rome: Apennines running north to south
Not a barrier of unification of the peninsula
Geography: farming and trade two things
Fertile soil and mild climate
Central location in Mediterranean
Geography: farming and trade: fertile soil and mild climate
good for farming
No need to import food stuffs
Geography: farming and trade: central location in Mediterranean
Good for trade
Launching point for expansion
The Etruscans
Taught the Romans
Etruscans: taught Rome
Arch in architecture
Drainage and sewer building
Phalanx military formation
The latins:
Legend of founding Rome in 753 bc
Latins founding Rome :
Romulus and Remus were twin brothers who founded it
Story of Romulus and Remus founding Rome
Ordered drowned by uncle who wanted throne
Instead raised by she-wolf
Grew up and killed their uncle
Romulus killed Remus in a fight over ruling the city
Two social classes
Patricians
Plebeians
Patricians
Nobles
Controlled government of republic
Class: Patricians: controlled government of republic two ends
Executive power
Legislature
Patricians: controlled govt: executive power
Two consuls elected for a one year term
Elected by adult male patricians
Patricians: controlled govt of republic: legislature two parts
Senate
Assembly
Patricians: controlled govt of republic: legislature: senate
Upper house
About 300 patricians
Served for life
Controlled by about 12 families
Patricians: controlled govt of republic: legislature: assembly
Lower house
All free, adult males who could afford weaponry
All acts had to be approved by senate
Classes: plebeians
Common people
Few rights and little power
Continuously threatened to break off from Rome and create their own city
Over centuries they were granted more and more rights
Plebeians: few rights and little power
Cant run for public office
Couldn’t marry into nobility(patrician class)
Little say in creation of laws
Other elected Roman officials
Aedils Censors Dictators Praetors Quaesters
aedils
Ran city
“Local govt”
Censors
Keep track of citizen lists
In years later took charge of public morality
Dictators
With absolute power
We’re elected by the senate in times of emergency to rule for 6 months
Praetors
In charge of administering justice
Quaesters
In charge of roman finance
Plebeians earn greater rights: the growth of democracy in Rome
Assembly
Public offices
Tribunes
Twelve tables
Plebeian rights/ democracy: assembly
Senate can no longer veto laws made by assembly
Assembly was also known as
The comitia
Plebeian rights/democracy: intermarriage
Plebeians were given the right to marry patricians
Plebeians rights/democracy: tribunes
Right to elect tribunes
These were officials with veto power over the senate
Veto in Latin means
I forbid
Plebeian rights/democracy: twelve tables
Laws were written down
This protected plebeians from biased judges
450 bc
From Rome to Italy
386 bc
Rome to Italy: 386 bc
Gauls from the north plundered and burned Rome
Rome got rid of the Gauls by paying a large amount of gold
Rome military
Great soldiers
Well-trained and highly disciplined
All volunteers
Dedication was used
Rome military ability; great soldiers
Volunteers
better rank if you had more money
Poor were given armor but were not well respected and put in the front
Rome military ability: decimation
Death by 10s Random Count off Killed by random soldiers too Units with this were some of best ever
Infrastructure
Military Roads radiated from Rome
Infrastructure: military roads
Troops could be sent quickly to quell unrest in any area
Dual purpose – roads came to allow quick and easy travel by a tax collector traitors travelers and officials
Public funds dedicate to the building and read maintaining of the republics infrastructure
Strategy: divide and conquer
Rome’s fear
Rome’s solution
How it was done
Romes strategy
Divide and conquer
Strategy: divide and conquer: rome’s fear
Allies and colonies would unite against Roman contact
Strategy: dividing conquer: Rome’s solution
Keep groups under Roman control disunited
Strategy: divide and conquer: how it was done
Forbade alliances between them
Separate privileges and treaties
Treatment of conquered peoples
Concord people were treated well
How colonies were used
Treatment: treated well
Some received full Roman citizenship including suffrage
Some control their own affairs but paid tribute and gave soldiers to Roman army
Treatment: colonies
Rome establish colonies in Concord areas, each protected by Garrison of Roman soldiers
Republic encouraged intermarriage
Treatment: colonies: intermarriage
Led to the spread of Roman culture and language
What was the Roman language
Latin
The legend of Cincinnatus
He was a Roman console in the early Republic
He leaves the office after falsely accused of corruption by political rivals and retires to his farm in the country
After Rome was attacked by a group of hostile tribes that is returns from the country to lead rome as a dictator
Defeats enemies in two weeks
Lays down sword and returns to his farming
Seen as ideal Roman leader
Or the plebeians or patricians higher in social rankings
Patricians
