Roles of Minerals Flashcards
minerals which are required in relatively
large amount and in most of cases they are used in the synthesis of structural tissues
macro elements (major elements)
minerals required in trace
amounts and usually function as activators or as a component of enzyme system
Micro elements (Minor elements or trace elements)
These are those minerals, which have been proved to have a metabolic role in the animal body.
Essential mineral elements
calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulphur are all example of what minerals?
macro elements (major elements)
iron, copper, sodium, iodine, cobalt, zinc, are all minor elements, except?
sodium
serve as the major structural elements of skeletal tissue
calcium and phosphorus
What macro element is essential for skeletal formation, normal blood clotting,
rhythmic heart action, neuromuscular excitability, enzyme activation and permeability of membranes and acid base balance of body fluid and also in curdling of milk?
calcium
It is a deficiency of calcium which symptoms occur in young growing animals. It includes misshapen bones, enlargement of joints, lameness and stiffness.
ricket
In the adult animals, calcium deficiency results to bones becoming weak, porous and soft.
osteomalacia
In osteomalacia the bones become weak, soft, and porous. Meanwhile this other deficiency is characterized by a decreased bone mass due to bone resorption being greater than bone formation.
osteoporosis
shortly after parturition, high yielding cows may suffer from when serum calcium goes down with the result that there are muscular spasms and in extreme cases paralysis
milk fever
Major portion of phosphorus in the animal body is distributed in?
bones
plays an important role in the formation of bones and teeth along with
calcium
phosphorus
What macro element is found in cells, excess of this salt in the body interferes with the absorption and metabolism of magnesium?
potassium
deficiency result in slow growth, reduced feed and water intake, lowered feed efficiency, muscular weakness, nervous disorders, stiffness, emaciation, intracellular acidosis and degeneration of vital organs
potassium
It is found in skin, subcutaneous tissues and gastric juices. Out of the total amount present in the body 80-85 percent is found in inorganic form while the rest 15 to 20 percent in organic form
chloride/chlorine
required for the formation of hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice
chlorine
This is a trace mineral which as a part of respiratory pigment and hemoglobin, it helps in the utilization of oxygen by the blood.
iron
This is a trace mineral which as a part of respiratory pigment and hemoglobin, it helps in the utilization of oxygen by the blood.
iron
If an animal has anemia, it is likely to be deficient in what trace mineral?
iron
The disease is characterized by sudden death without any preliminary sign. In this fibrosis of myocardium takes place and macrocytic hypochromic type anemia appears.
falling disease
This disease is caused by the deficiency of copper and cobalt in diet of cattle and sheep.
Coast disease (Neck ill, Lickin disease)
Deficiency of this trace element is associated with goiter or enlargement of the thyroid gland. Condition in farm animals manifest itself as a swelling of the neck, ‘big neck’.
Iodine
a dietary essential for ruminants because it is necessary for the synthesis of vitamin B12 by the gastrointestinal microbes
cobalt
an important trace element for the proper growth of body and development of
hairs and keratinization of epithelial tissues
zinc
Retarded growth, ‘Frizzled’ feather, parakeratosis and a bone
abnormality referred to as the ‘Swollen hock syndrome’
zinc deficiency
This trace elements is crucial in reducing the incidence of dental caries. In very small amount the mineral is essential for the growth and proper development of the bones and teeth.
fluorine
effect of deficiency is myopathy, exudative diathesis
selenium
effect of deficiency is parakeratosis, poor growth,
depressed appetite
zinc
effect of deficiency is retarded growth, skeletal
abnormality, ataxia
manganese
effect of deficiency is goitre; hairless, weak or dead young
iodine
effect of deficiency is pining (emaciation, anaemia, listlessness)
cobalt
effect of deficiency is anemia, poor growth,
depigmentation of hair and wool, swayback
copper
