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Higher Psychology > Role Of The Brain In Sleep > Flashcards

Role Of The Brain In Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

What three things influence sleep

A

Endogenous pacemaker

Exogenous pacemakers

Endogenous sleep regulating substances

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2
Q

What is the endogenous pacemaker

A

The internal biological clock

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3
Q

What are exogenous pacemakers

A

External environmental factors such as light

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4
Q

What are endogenous sleep regulating substances

A

Hormones and substances such as adenosine

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5
Q

What are the two key structures in the brain that control our biological rhythms

A

SCN

Pineal gland

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6
Q

Which part if the brain is the SCN located

A

Hypothalamus

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7
Q

What does our SCN do

A

It regulates the sleep wake cycle

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8
Q

Who found evidence for an endogenous pacemaker

A

Siffre (1962)

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9
Q

Where does the SCN send signals to via nerves daily

A

Pineal gland

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10
Q

What dies the pineal gland do

A

Secretes melatonin after receiving a signal from the SCN

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11
Q

What is melatonin

A

A hormone that is released by the pineal gland to induce sleep

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12
Q

How does light affect our sleep

A

The retina of the eye is connected to the SCN via a nerve pathway because of this light affects both the SCN and the pineal gland

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13
Q

What affects melatonin

A

Light reduces melatonin production

Darkness increases melatonin production

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14
Q

When does melatonin peak

A

Middle of the night

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15
Q

What is the german word for an exogenous pacemakers

A

Zeitgeber

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16
Q

What are examples of zeitgebers

A

Light
Drugs
Temperature
Social interaction
Exercise
Eating/drinking patterns

17
Q

What is the main endogenous sleep regulating substance

A

Adenosine

18
Q

How does adenosine work

A

During the day it builds in our cerebrospinal fluid which increases the pressure to sleep

It inhibits neurotransmitters associated with wakefulness

19
Q

How dies adenosine build

A

By doing tasks throughout the day

20
Q

What happens to adenosine after we sleep

A

It is replaced by glycogen giving us energy

21
Q

Evidence for adenosine

A

Caffeine works by blocking receptors of adenosine

Some sleeping pills work by boosting adenosine levels

22
Q

What type of light is the worst for our SCN

A

Blue light as it confuses the SCN unto thinking its day

Higher Psychology (15 decks)

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