Role of Fathers

Question 1

The social script of fathers is much ___ clearly defined that mothers

Answer 1

Less

Question 2

Lewis (1986) interviewed 100 fathers of 1 year olds in Nottingham, and found what about men attending the births of their children?

Answer 2

The majority of them attended

Question 3

What did Lewis find about the amount of fathers helping in the period after birth and getting up to the baby at night?

Answer 3

Increased

Question 4

What 3 things do fathers provide for their wives so that they can devote themselves to caring for their infant?

Answer 4

1) Love
2) Companionship
3) Emotional support

Question 5

What did Cox et al find about fathers who spend MORE time with their infants?

Answer 5

That they are LESS likely to form attachment security

Question 6

Why was fathers time spent with infants predicted by mothers work hours?

Answer 6

Because its not a choice, more because they have to step up as the mother is not there

Question 7

Maternal full time workers have gone up from 15 to?

Answer 7

25

Question 8

Even though paternal full time workers have stayed stable, there is an increasing proportion of?

Answer 8

Fathers working part-time

Question 9

Pike et al videotaped parent-child interactions with an etc-a-sketch and found what difference between fathers and mothers?

Answer 9

Fathers were more task-orientated, whereas mothers were more encouraging, praiseful and affectionate and less dominant

Question 10

However, despite these differences in how parents dealt with the etch-a-sketch, how did the child report their parents?

Answer 10

They reported their mum and dad as the same

Question 11

What % is fathers engagement e.g. playing, helping them eat?

Answer 11

43.5%

Question 12

What % is fathers accessibility e.g. being around them?

Answer 12

65.6%

Question 13

Paternal involvement is increasing, but more slowly than what trend?

Answer 13

The trend towards maternal employment

Question 14

What study did Grossman et al (1988) carry out?

Answer 14

A systems approach looking at predictions of dads quality and quantity of fathering through his characteristics (direct) and the mothers characteristics (indirect)

Question 15

For quantity of fathering, wives scores were more important than husbands own characteristics, but for quality of fathering?

Answer 15

Husbands scores were most importnat

Question 16

Maternal beliefs and attitudes predict ______ involvement

Answer 16

Paternal

Question 17

Fathers attitudes ___ ___ predict mothers involvement

Answer 17

Do not

Question 18

Name 3 factors that determine levels of paternal involvement?

Answer 18

1) Paternal self-efficacy (own attitudes about your parenting role)
2) Marital quality
3) Maternal work hours (more than paternal work hours)

Question 19

Name 3 consequences of paternal involvement

Answer 19

1) Children show more cognitive competence
2) More empathy
3) More self-control and self esteem

Question 20

When do the positive benefits of paternal involvement not occur?

Answer 20

If the father is high in anti-social behaviours

Question 21

What negative effects happens to men with children they dont live?

Answer 21

Psychologically and physically unhealthy

Question 22

Attitude is ___ important for Mum’s attachment, why not?

Answer 22

Not, because theres a wide range of roles for fathers in societies, in comparison to mothers

Question 23

For men with resident children, higher levels of involvement resulted in?

Answer 23

Greater life satisfaction

Question 24

How was fathers involvement measured in Flouri study?

Answer 24

Self report, and specific q’s about specific activities

Question 25

Name 2 strengths and 2 weaknesses of Flouri study

Answer 25

Controlled for a lot of variables and longitudinal, Dated data and lost participants along the way

Question 26

What was found about father and mother involvement at age 7?

Answer 26

It independently predicted educational attainment at age 20

Question 27

Not growing up in a two parent family did what to the association between father/mother involvement and educational outcomes?

Answer 27

It did not weaken it

Question 28

Was the association between father/mother involvement stronger for sons or daughters?

Answer 28

Equal

Question 29

In Bzostek study, what was found about the involvement of resident social fathers versus resident biological fathers?

Answer 29

They are just as beneficial as bio fathers for childs well-being

Question 30

Contact with a non-resident biological father?

Answer 30

Does not diminish the positive association between the resident social father and the childs well-being

Question 31

How was fathers involvement measured?

Answer 31

Through an average of 8 measures, reported by the mothers

Question 32

What could the strength of the effect of social fathers being just as beneficial as biological fathers be explained by?

Answer 32

Because the children in this study were very young so their stepfather is more meaningful than when a stepfather comes into the scene as a teenager