Parenting --> Child Outcome

Question 1

What were Baumrind’s 4 dimensions of parenting? (C, N, CC, MD)

Answer 1

Control, Nurturance, Clarity of Communication, Maturity Demands

Question 2

Baumrinds 4 parenting styles?

Answer 2

Authoritarian, Permissive, Authoritative, Neglectful

Question 3

Steinberg et al, said what about these parenting styles?

Answer 3

Dont categorise as one or the other, use a dimensional approach

Question 4

What cultural variability was there between white americans and African americans?

Answer 4

Authoritarian had less optimal outcomes with white americans but good outcomes with African americans

Question 5

What cultural variability was there in China?

Answer 5

Positive correlation between Parental warmth and Directiveness

Question 6

Petit et al did a longitudinal study with children aged 5 followed through to 12 and found 3 predictors of supportive parenting summed up, what were they?

Answer 6

1) Parenting e.g. harsh or warm
2) Family adversity e.g. stress, SES
3) Child outcome e.g. externally, academically

Question 7

What are the 3 main types of Parenting Interventions?

Answer 7

1) Behavioural Therapy
2) Cognitive Behavioural therapy
3) Systematic or Ecological interventions

Question 8

What are the differences between the 3 types of parenting interventions?

Answer 8

Behavioural Therapy addresses the problematic behaviour, assuming all behaviour is learned and can be changed
CBT addresses the behaviour and the thoughts and feelings behind it
Systematic interventions address multiple factors contributing to the problematic behaviour

Question 9

Name 3 commonalities in parenting interventions?

Answer 9

Play, Praise and Planned ignoring

Question 10

What does NICE stand for?

Answer 10

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

Question 11

What are NICE based on?

Answer 11

Social learning model e.g. model, rehearse, feedback

Question 12

How are these interventions programmes evaluated?

Answer 12

Randomly assigning to treatment groups, valid and reliable outcome measures, appropriate control, pre and post-treatment

Question 13

What % of parenting interventions work?

Answer 13

60%

Question 14

What could the other 40% of parenting interventions that don’t work be due to?

Answer 14

The childs age, gender, type and severity of behaviour, or the parents psychophathology

Question 15

Why did 42% of families who consented to participate not attend HCA?

Answer 15

Safety, other commitments etc

Question 16

Is the effect size big, small or modest for good parenting predicting better child outcome?

Answer 16

Modest

Question 17

Name 3 recommendations from NICE?

Answer 17

1) Both parents present when possible
2) Group-based
3) 10-12 parents in a group

Question 18

What did Carolyn Webster find?

Answer 18

Parents view videotapes as a stimulus for discussion and problem solving

Question 19

How do we evaluate within-subjects designs? and between-subject design?

Answer 19

Stepwise introduction of treatment, Randomised controlled trials

Question 20

Why did Moore et al carry out his study, and what was the background?

Answer 20

Expansion of a previous study of parenting behaviours of anxious mothers, wanted to see whether there was a dyadic relationship to aid future preventions

Question 21

What was done and what was found in this Moore Et al study?

Answer 21

68 Mother-Child dyads (children aged between 7 and 15) watched videotaped interactions and engaged in convo tasks and were then coded

1) Mothers of anxious children were less warm and granted less autonomy
2) There was an interaction between mother and child anxiety in predicting maternal catastrophising

Question 22

What did McGilloway want to study?

Answer 22

The effectiveness of the IYBP for improving child behavioural and social adjustment, and parental well-being in disadvantaged community-based service settings and urban areas

Question 23

What participants were eligible for McGilloway?

Answer 23

If the primary caregiver rated their child above the clinical cutoff on Intensity subscale

Question 24

What was the age of the children in McGilloway?

Answer 24

32-88 months

Question 25

What did the McGilloway study find?

Answer 25

That IYBP is effective for early onset behavioural problems