Role And Influence Of Colonial Administrators (1947-67) Flashcards
Why did colonial administrators have to be more flexible in this period?
. Fast changing public mood
. Had to make changes going against idea that Britain knew how to control colonies best
. Had to hear out independence claims of the colonies
. Had to be willing to deal with nationalist leaders who became irritated by vague British promises of self-determination
. Had to deal with the rapidly changing attitudes within the colonial office in London (policy kept changing)
What was Sir Andrew Cohen’s education like?
. Public school education (typical)
. Degree in classics from Cambridge
What were some of Andrew Cohen’s achievements?
1947 - became assistant under-secretary of state for the colonial office’s African division
1947 - cohen report set our new direction for colonial policy, mapping out the gradual reform by which the colonies could eventually become independent nations
1952 - became governor of Uganda, serving until 1957
What were some of Cohen’s main beliefs?
. Listening to nationalist leaders
. Giving power to indigenous elites
. Wanted gradual move towards colonial independence, while many nationalist leaders wanted rapid change
What area of imperialism was cohen mainly concerned with?
. Concerned with African affairs, except for one brief spell during WW2
. Raised concerns about treatment of Africans in the colonies, particularly the South Africans living under apartheid
. Extreme white supremacy in the Afrikaner-dominated apartheid system, threatening the spreading of north from South Africa
. Cohen preferred ‘paternalistic colonialism’ with British-run colonies, so he proposed the CAF
When was the Central African federation created and dissolved?
Created in 1953, unsuccessful and dissolved in 1963
What did cohen do as governor of Uganda?
. Brought Ugandans into government
. Encouraged development of political parties
. Expanded university of Makerere
. Initially responded heavily to Buganda emergency but later showed ability to compromise
. Helped to lay groundwork for Uganda’s independence in 1962
Why was there major unrest in Buganda between 1953-55?
British had proposed to set up an East African federation
. Buganda people felt this would destroy their culture
. Mutesa II (king) called for separation of Buganda from rest of Uganda
How did cohen respond to Mutesa’s call for a separation of Buganda from rest of Uganda?
. Deported Mutesa to London in 1953
. This set off huge protest
. Cohen declared state of emergency in Buganda
How did Cohen make compromises after the Bugandan emergency?
1955 Buganda agreement: Mutesa II restored as king (Kabaka)
Who was important in discussing Uganda’s steps forward as an independent nation?
Mutesa II: became Uganda’s first president in 1962
