Rodenticides: Fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) Dr. Boots

Question 1

What is Fluoroacetate used for

Answer 1

Currently only used in livestock protection collar (LPC) for controlling coyotes preying on sheep and goats.

Question 2

Toxicity of fluoroacetate

Answer 2

LD50:

Dogs: 0.06-0.02mg/kg

Rodents: 5-8mg/kg

Question 3

Toxicokinetics of fluoroacetate

Answer 3

Readily absorbed from the GI tract, lung or open wounds but not through intact skin

Metabolized to monofluoroacetic acid (also toxic) by hydrolysis

Relay (secondary) toxicosis possible – this is actually seen in NZ where used as rodenticide as the dose required to kill rodents is so high.

Question 4

Results of MoA of fluoroacetate are

Answer 4

High energy demand organs hit hardest (e.g. heart, brain)

Citrate toxicity (binding of calcium - hypocalcemia)

Question 5

CS of fluoroacetate

Answer 5

Rapid onset (30min - 2-4h post ingestion)

Dogs: CNS stimulation & GI signs

Horses, cattle, sheep & goats: Cardiac signs predominate in horses

Cats & pigs: Both CNS signs and Cardiac signs in cats

Question 6

Lesions seen w/ fluoroacetate

Answer 6

No specific lesions - depends on cause of death

Question 7

Tx for fluoroacetate

Answer 7

Because onset is rapid tx may not be possible

Decontamination

No proven antidote - acetate donors which compete with toxin to reduce conversion to compound 1080 or to provide acetate to mitochondria

Acetic Acid / Ethanol - Given orally, less effective

 Acetamide / Dextrose - Infused over 1 hour, used in NZ, lower dose for cats

Supportive/symptomatic care: O2, fluids, etc

Question 8

Px for fluoroacetate

Answer 8

guarded to grave