Road Crash Rescue Flashcards by Jarrod Farlow

Lukas LSP 40 Spreader - Capacities (Spreading & Squeezing)

Spreading 23.5 tonnesSqueezing: 4.7 tonnes

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Lukas LS 501 Cutter - Capacity (Cutting)

Cutting: 69.34 tonnes

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Lukas Super Compact Simo Power Pack hydraulic pump (Hydraulic Oil Capacity & Useable Capacity)

Hydraulic Oil Capacity: 3.5 litresUseable capacity: 2.7 litres

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Lukas LTR 12/575 telescopic ram - pushing power of

Piston 1: 24.47 tonnesPiston 2: 12.24 tonnes

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Lukas LKS Combi Tool - capacities for (Spreading & Pulling):

Spreading: 22.9 tonnesPulling: 6.5 tonnes

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What is the minimum PPC worn a MVA?

Lightweight Tunic & Over pantsFirefighting BootsGloves - riggers or firefighting (surgical gloves underneath)Lightweight Safety Helmet or Firefighting HelmetSafety GlassesP2 Dust Mask

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At any incident there will be a number of agencies involved including ACT FR, Police and ACTAS.List the respective areas of responsibility for the following:ACTFR, AFP, ACTAS

ACTFR:
• Primary Rescue Agency
• Patient Extrication
• Fire Protection
AFP:
• Overall Scene Management
• Accident Investigation
• Coronial Investigation
• Crowd Control
• Traffic Control
ACTAS:
• All aspects of patient care

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Briefly describe the responsibilities of Support Agencies

A Support Organisation responds in an emergency to either restore essential services (ActewAGL, Telstra, Road Maintenance) or to provide support functions such as welfare, medical and health, transport, communications or engineering.• Restoring Services• Functional support to primary responders• Commanding their own resources• Providing reports to IC• Providing reports to their COC

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Name and briefly describe the two basic style of automobile construction

Cab on ChassisMainly in commercial and some leisure vehicles (i.e. 4WDs)Frame consists of two major beams that travel under the passenger compartment. Cross members provide additional strength.Due to heavy gauge metal generally requires heavier rescue equipmentMonocoqueMost common vehicle body constructionBody components held in jig and spot welded together to form overall strengthDue to light gauge metal used body should be stabilised as structural cut will easily deform the body

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Label the vehicle Diagram on P10 of TRK

C PillarRear Lock PillarCentre Pillar (B Pillar)Floor PanRocker Panel or Floor SillHinge PillarProgressive Crumple ZonesCowl PanelWindshield Pillar (A pillar)Not on diagram but be aware: Suspension (shock) Tower

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What are the 3 distinctive compartments that all passenger vehicles regardless of make, size or configuration will have ?

Engine Compartment – may be at the front, centre or back of vehicle( needs to be found to locate battery)- Passenger Compartment- Luggage Compartment

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List 4 indicators that a vehicle may be LPG powered

25mm red square/red diamond mounted in centre of vehicle registration plate with words LP Gas or LPG in white or black lettering.If there are two tanks there should be two diamondsTwo filling points (for petrol powered converted vehicles)Toggle Switches on DashLPG Gas CylindersIn Station Wagon, Spare tyre standing up in backLPG is heavier than air and will settle down low and fall into drains

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List 2 indicators that the vehicle may be CNG powered

Red Diamond on the registration plate with CNG or NGV letteringCNG heavy vehicles may have large cylinders visible or concealed under coversLighter than air

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List the appropriate actions to manage the hazards of LPG/CNG Powered vehicles

Isolating gas supply - Ignition off - Isolate the gas supply at or near the cylinder - Disconnect batteryManage escaping gas - Use Hose line and hose stream if required - Atmospheric monitoringAll car fires should be treated as gas fires until proven otherwise

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List 5 safety hazards when dealing with electric/hybrid vehicles

High voltage circuitry- High voltage battery pack containing a highly alkaline electrolyte.-No legislated requirements for manufacturers/registration to identify hybrid powered vehicles- Operate on electric power from stopped to 20-30 km/h > Vehicles will move silently and without warning- Always inspect vehicle prior to using tools and do not contact/cut or try to disconnect any orange coloured cabling or components- Remove key fob at least 5m from the vehicle

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What are the two types of glass used in automotive windows and what are some of their characteristics?

Toughened glass - Shatter into small pieces when broken - Used exclusively for side and rear windows in cars and vansLaminated glass: - Glass remains bonded to the film when broken (2 or more layers of glass bonded to a tough plastic film) - Used for front windscreen in majority of vehicles

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What are the two type of Windscreen fixings?

Rubber mounted (old style) - Fitted into opening with H-shaped seal and fixed into place with a metal or plastic mouldingBonded - Fixed into place with adhesive - Structural

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What are 3 basic types of Rescue Equipment available to Rescuers at a Motor Vehicle Accident?

Mechanical Hydraulic EquipmentHand operated hydraulic equipmentHand Tools & associated equipmentBattery operated tools

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List the 5 main components of Mechanical hydraulic equipment

a self contained power pack (Hydraulic pump)- Cutting Tools- Spreading Tools - Hydraulic ram(s)- Hydraulic hoses

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Hand tools are carried on all appliances in ACTFR - List 8 hands tools likely to be used at a Rescue

Seat Belt Cutter- Pinch Bar- Halligan Tool- Saws- Wooden Blocks- Centre Punch- Stanley Knife- Screw Driver Set- Agius Tool- Bolt cutters- etc

List & Briefly describe the 8 stages of the Rescue Operation

Preparation - Train regularly - Train in realistic scenarios - Maintain Rescue Equipment2. Response • Consider approach to accident and position of vehicle with consideration of other support agencies• Presence of medical aid• Safe travel to the scene• The approach to the incident• Positing of emergency vehicle• Liaise with other emergency services 3. Incident Management • Assessment (outer and inner circle)• Action Circle• Hazard Controls• Support Functions• Equipment staging area and parts dump4. Gaining AccessShould be rapid and safe, vehicle stabilisation should be carried out5. Emergency CareACTFR may be first response on sceneDRSABCD – stabilise the patient6. DisentanglementUnless lives are in danger no casualty to be moved until emergency care has been administeredDisassembly, displacement, distortion or severance7. Removal and Transfer• In consultation with medical personnel (or AFP for deceased casualty)• Fully support and protect patient• Patient’s body should not be flexed, extended or rotated Transfer > from point outside vehicle to ambulance. Watch manual handling. ACTFR personnel might have to drive ambulance.8. Termination• Final Check• Vehicle & surroundings• Removal of Debris• Scene Clean up• Equipment• Hygiene • Make notes in blue book

Describe how and why the appliance is positioned in the fend off position at MVA rescue operations?

The fend off position protects the incident site, the rescue crew and allows for easy access to equipment and picture on page 31.Angle about 45 degrees blocking lanes of traffic

List 6 factors should be taken into account when positing the appliance?

• Protection of crew at incident site• Position as close as possible without impeding the scene• All access/egress to other emergency vehicles• Position vehicle to maximise on board lighting• Topography of the surrounding area• Water run-off from pump of firefighting activity

Describe the purpose of inner/outer circles? And what are their sizes?

Inner circle is an assessment of the scene look inside, under, over around the vehicle to determine numbers of casualties, types of injuries and types of entrapment. This area directly surrounding the incident and hazards normally about 2 to 5 metresOuter circle usually 30m out from initial hazard and is looking for other potential hazards and casualties

List 6 factors which may impact on your progress to the incident scene?

• Day of the week• Time of the day• The weather• Detours due to road works or building construction• Railway crossings, bridges, underpasses• School Children

From what information source might you accurately determine the number and location of people involved in an incident?

- Fellow workers, friends, relatives and neighbours• Witnesses bystanders• Clues at the scene• First responding truck and COMCEN

What is the procedure for cleaning/replacing a Resus kit which has been contaminated with blood at a motor vehicle MVA?

• Dispose of Single use items- Clean kit as best as possible using wipes while wearing appropriate PPE• Fill out ‘Resuscitator Equipment used’ sheet found in Draeger top pocket• Place Draeger in clear plastic bag with sheet attached• Drop off at BA section (in contaminated bin if necessary) or picked up by Ute • Replace Draeger on appliance when back at station

What is the purpose of the action circle and what is its approximate size?

It is the area immediately surrounding the vehicle. It must be kept clear and can contain rescue tools if temporarily unused. Typically 3m circle around the vehicle

List 7 points to be considered when implementing hazard controls?

Safety of the sceneCrowd controlElectricalTrafficHazardous materialsBio HazardsLeaking fuelsStabilisation – vehicle – casualty – scene

What is the goal of vehicle stabilisation and why is it important to do at a scene?

Goal is to prevent vertical and horizontal movement and it is important to prevent future injuries to patient and rescue workers

What is the purpose of the equipment staging area?

Equipment staging area -Area outside the action circle where the equipment is kept when not in use. Use a salvage sheet to define area. Keep area organised and cleanReduces trip hazardsReduces risk of loosing equipment or leaving it behind at incident

Complete this statement?Basic emergency care follows the well accepted practise of ensuring that the casualty’s ____ _____ ______ is maintained?

Airway, breathing and circulation

List and describe the four methods of disentanglement of a casualty

• Disassembly – removal of nut bolts• Distortion – movement of equipment by hand or hydraulic tools• Displacement – Complete removal of equipment, or debris from vehicle• Severance – Cutting tools to cut debris or equipment so that it can be removed

What does SRS stand for?

Supplementary restraint systemairbags, seat belt tensioners (if fitted cut as soon as possible and roll-over protection systemsMust always remove trim components whenever performing extrication evolutions, both cutting and spreading remember peel and peak.

List procedure to be followed to deactivate a vehicles SRS?

• Identify the SRS indicators – labelling• Notify crew SRS is fitted• Commence deactivation procedure and remove battery• Fit Secunet• Remove trim components prior to patient extrication• Do not cur airbag components• Never assume airbag is safe even if it has already deployed

3 ways of gaining access to a casualty

• Through doors• Through windows• By compromising body of the vehicle

List 3 points to consider prior to disconnecting the vehicles battery?

Central locking, power windows and electric seat adjustment

Which battery terminal is removed first?

Negative

Before using any tools to gain access what should be investigated?

If any of the doors can be opened by handIf the vehicle and area is safe to gain access to, if so assess if doors are unlocked. Identify Hazards such as LP Gas or SRS systems this is to be confirmed by peel and peak,

What is also done with equipment after an incident after it has been put away?

Secure in place on appliance, refuel and ensure correct operation. Report and damage and replace as required to ensure operational status is maintained

List 4 signs of operational stresses that are important to notice and report any signs of after an incident?

HeadachesWithdrawnPoor sleepingDigestive problems

What are the 5 positive outcomes from a properly conducted debrief?

Higher moral in teamClearly defined SOGsSuitably equipped appliancesRelief of stress in team membersReview in techniquesSafer work practices

List 5 hazards that are associated with RAR incidents and describe a method to manage each hazard

• Fire – PPC/ PPE• Cuts – Edge protectors, PPC• Spills – Spongelite, ppc• Trip hazards - clean site, ppc, staging areas• Breaking glass – wear ppc, p2 and glass management

To preserve an accident scene what considerations are required?

• Don’t move anything unless expressly required• Take notes of actions • Don’t park on debris• Don’t remove debris • Only cut or remove necessary components when patient is trapped• Check with AFP prior to performing work or senior members

For each stage of incident list 2 safety precautions:Hygiene prior to incident Hygiene during incident Post incident hygiene

Hygiene prior to incident - hand washing, don ppc priorHygiene during incident – ensure PPC is worn appropriately and replaced as necessary, keep work areas cleanPost incident hygiene – Bag and tag contaminated PPC, thoroughly wash hands and clean equipment

Explain the procedure for contacting CISM or peer support program?

SO to encourage or self-administer a call to the CISM support officer or through the peer support network.Contact via phone (0412 271 815 or via ComCen)

What details do you record in your note book

• Incident number• Date, time and location• Weather conditions• Position of vehicle• Configuration of vehicle• Details and position of pers involved• Comments made by occupants• Action taken for patient removal• Other relevant information

What does 30/60/30 mean?

This is the SRS safety zone and details the safe working distance from an active system. 30 cm away from drivers SRS, 60cm away from passenger and 30 cm from side systems