RNAV including PBN Flashcards
RNAV
Area navigation
- two dimensional-LNAV minima
- three dimensional-LNAV/VNAV minima
RNAV Overlay Procedure
No navigation specification:conventional procedure that can be flown by using AFDS and FMC; Tuning NAV aids is required
RNAV/RNP Specification in Europa
RNAV 5-en route airspace
RNAV 1-RNAV procedures in Terminal airspace
RNP SIDs,STAR
RNP Approach
Apllyingthe Navigation Specifications (RNP/RNAV) and the NAVAID infrastructure gives us the NAV application
NAV SPEC plus NAV INF in accordanceto intended airspace concept gives us the NAV application
PBN
RNAV concept ant latest step in evolution of RNAV
RNAV 1/ P-RNAV
track keeping accuracy of 1nm for at least 95% of time
implented in terminal areas
required aircraft equipment is listed in the MEL preamble
RNAV5/ B-RNAV
track keeping accuracy of 5nm for at least 95% of time
required on ATS routes above FL95
RVSM is part of airspace concept
required aircraft equipment is listed in MEL preamble
RNAV 10/RNP10
track keepingaccuracy of 1nm for at least 95%
Standard Oceanic /NAT HLA Navigation Specification
RVSM is part of the airspace concept
HF required (with exceptions)
CPDLC and ADS-C required in DLM (with expections)
Required aircraft equipment is listed in MEL
RNAV is sometimes refereed to RNP 10..which is wrong
RNP (AR)-APPROACH
need special training
RNP smaller than 0.3
RNP Approaches
RNP 0.3NM 1nm-95% of time Performance monitoring and alerting required During approach 0.3 and G/A 1nm Check MEL preamble
There is no RNAV approach specification
2 Options to RNP Approaches
- GNSS/BARO VNAV (LNAV or LNAV/VNAV minima)
2. SBAS (LPV Minimum=not authorized at TUIfly)
RNP1/2
1nm for at least 95%
Performance monitoring and alerting required
Used in terminal areas
Check MEL
RNP4
1nm at least 95%of time
NAT HLA RLAT Tracks in OTS
CPDL and ADS-C required
RVSM is part of concept
TUIfly cant operate here!
PBN is one component of an airspace concept
others are ADS-B,HF,Radar,RVSM,DLM
RNP approaches
use AP or FD at TUIFLY not Raw Data
RNP approaches
0.3nm within Final segment!
There three types of procedures related to RNAV
- RNP=nav specifications
- RNAV=nav specifications
- RNAV Overlay procedures=no navigation specificatios
Requirements of the three types of procedures related to RNAV
1.RNP=2 FMC and onboard performance monitoring and alerting
2.RNAV=1FMC and no onboard performance….
3.RNAV overlay=conventional proecdure …Tuning
required
THERE IS NO RNAV APPROACH SPECIFICATION: EVERY RNAV APPROACH IS AN RNP APPROACH
EVERY RNP APPROACH REQUIRED DUAL FMC
Was ist besonders bei RNAV approaches…
es gibt keine RNAV navigation specification…heißt erist ein RNP approach, wofür man 2 FMC braucht
RNP procedures
aircraft needs 2 RNP
RNP (AR) procedures
only qualified members, currently only INN
Special navigation equipment is required for RNAV and RNP operations
Check DDG/MEL Preamble…those are not dispatch requirements! they only have to be servieable in order to fly the procedure, use others instead.
RNP operations are currently revuces in company NOTAM
ANP VS RNP
RNP=Minimum required position quality, from procedures being used
ANP=Position certainty, from onboard sensors being used
RNP requires that ANP is lower than RNP
FMC supplies default RNP valuesfor oceanic,en route terminal and approach
oceaning RNP-12nm
En route RNP-2nm
Terminal RNP-1nm
Approach RNP-0.3nm
may be entered manually by crew
UNABLE REQD NAV PERF is the message
How can you get the acutal RNP?
POS SHIFT, RNP PROGRESS 4/4 and RTE LEGs pages
VRNP
same as RNP being used by FMC, dont enter it manually
VANP-Vertical Actual Navigation Performance VANP
FMC is 99.7% certain that altitude is in right band
Correct Baro setting is Important!!
Not the one on descend forceast
FMC switch in normal
Left is primary, both are however combined
What is the primary update for the 737 FMC?
GPS
if unvavailable it revers to IRS…Radio updating is available if enabled on the NAV options page..then IRS is last
IF GPS becomes unavailable as the primary source of the FMC
it reverts to IRS
Radio updates are inhibited by default
NAV OPTIONS= DME IS OFFss
Check on NAV Status what is currently used
GPS (2) and IRS (2) means both are in use
UNABLE REQD NAV PERF-RNP
only rnp navigation specifications require alerting..so wont happen during normal en route flight
Where can i get essential RNP information?
Progress Page 4/4
Tuiflys vertical RNP limit is
125ft
Where can I shift the FMC to another reference?
POS SHIFT 3/3
Wie komme ich zu NAV Options
REF NAV DATA oder bei NAV STATUS Pages…with DME OFF and LOC,VOR,GPS ON the last mentioned three are still OFF
NPS-Navigation Performance Scales: What does it show?
Shows deviation from desired track (flight technical error/cross track error)–magenta pointer
ANP-white scale moving inwards as ANP increases
Äußerer Rand der weißen Balken zeigt FMC RNP
Weiße Scale beim NPS
- innereres ende zeigt ANP
- äußeres zeigt derzeitige FMC RNP
wenn genauerwird dann wird balken nach innen größer—außen bleibt immer gleich
FMC vertical RNP
Tuifly has 125ft—max deviation is 75ft
if ANP exceeds RNP or if ANP plus FTE exceeds RNP
after 5s-the bars turn amber
without suitable reference G/A
VNAV deviation scale on the ND—range?
plus/minus 400ft
IAN indication become more sensitive approaching the RWY
LNAV does not
IAN warnings
visual and aural alerts if the AP remains enaged beow 100ft
IAN approaches are designed to beflown to pubslished
CAT 1 minimums
LNAV/VNAV approach
VNAV will only calculate to MAPt not further like IAN
ABAS
RAIM is other form of ABAS—TUIFLY is capable
SBAS
TUIFLY is not equipped
GBAS
Tuifly has some GBAS /GLS receivers…approaches are in FRA and BRE
Chartet PBN procedures are not standardized yet
OLD-NEW RNAV (GNSS)APCH-RNP AP RNAV (RNP) APCH-RN AR APCH RNP 10-RNAV 10 B-RNAV-RNAV 5 P-RNAV-RNAV 1
RF written on chart?
Radius to FIX requirements—TUIFLY can do it
IAN may not be used if a
cold temperature correction for the approach has to be applied
Funkspruch wenn RNP nicht eingehalten werden kann?
Unable RNP
Funkspruch wenn RNAV arrival or departure nicht akzeptiert werden kann
UNABLE RNP23 Departure/Arrival due to RNAV TYPE
Preflight RAIM prediction (if procedure requires updates)
RAIM predication hasto be valid at least until ETA+15min
No outages of more than 5min is allowable–check notam
Where can you check the RAIM prediction?
Easy Brief–RAIM report
Change mask angle to 5
Appendto EasyBriefPDF
Check ETA plus 15min is within Scenaria END^^
RNAV/RNP procedures may require cold temperature corrections
below 0 OAT
to all minim alt-DA/MDA has to be set to new value
but not ATC alt and BARO VNAV
When dont you have to correct for cold temp?
BARO VNAV approach
RNP APCH
Use of FD or AP is mandatory until suitable visual refernce is established
2 FMC are required to…
fly RNP approaches,not a dispatch requirement
1 FMC is sufficient for…
RNAV procedures…all RNAV approaches are RNP and need therefore 2 FMCs…,not a dispatch requirement
RNP approach can be flown down to..
LNAV or VNAV minima
LNAV=MDA plus 50ft, only lateral guidance
VNAV=DA, plus vertical guidance
LPV=SBAS, not approved
Prior conduct of RNP approach…
- Direct IF is acceptable if the track change is lower than 45°
- Radar vectors outsie the FAF is acceptalble if final track is intercepted 2nm prior FAF
DIRECT TO FAF is prohibited
CHECK EFIS QNH
RNP approach
DIRECT TO FAF is prohobited (2nm minimum)
RNP approach:AP
is strongly recommonded
Change of RNP value only if…
ONLY if it s wrong or does not phase in
otherwise the RNP for missed approach is not set automatically to 1.0!!!!!
RNP approach G/A reasons
- below MSA and more than 1 dot deflection in full scale mode
- Radio/Instrument failure which affect ability
- DUAL FMC failure
- UNABLE REQD NAV PER
- if ac has NPS.Amber deviation alert and anable to change to a non RNP procedure
RNP approach down to VNAV minima
1.no cold temp corrections!
if below procedure design temperature use LNAV minima
2.no additional 50ft required
3.Maximum vertical deviation is 75ft
check FMC RNP Progress page 4/4 during approach briefing is the VRNP value is set to 125ft (rechts unten)
4.Correct altimter settings is essential
Was muss man zusätzlich bei einem RNP Approach mit VNAV Baro Minimum zu den 0.3nm noch checken?
FMC RNP Progress Page 4/4 ob value unten rechts auf 125 steht (VRNP)
G/A bei RNP approaches wann?
1 dot deviation (and unable to switch to other non RNAV procedure) or UNABLE REQD NAV PER-RNP
Wie weit vorher muss man bei einem RNP approach iden final approach course intercepten=
2nm for FAF mit weniger als 45° intercept angle
Bei jedem RNP (inkludiert RNAV)
braucht man 2 FMC
Bei RNP approach mit BARO VNAV MIN
keine cold temp correction!