RNA to Protein

Question 1

mRNA molecule can be translated into 3 possible reading frames (T or F)

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Genetic Code Translated (3 Steps)

Answer 2

1. Linkage of AA to tRNA
2. tRNA binds to its codon in RNA
3. AA selected by its codon

Question 3

Components of Eukaryotic Ribosomes

Answer 3

4 rRNAs, 40+ small proteins

Question 4

Each ribosome has a binding site for tRNA and three sites for mRNA (T or F)

Answer 4

False, three for tRNA and one for mRNA

Question 5

Translation (4 Steps)

Answer 5

1. New tRNA binded to rightest site (A) with polypedtide
2. Polypeptide chain on tRNA in middle site (P) attaches to polypeptide on new tRNA
3. Large subunit translocates moving two tRNAs to the left
4. The second tRNA is ejected from leftest site (E) and starts cycle over

Question 6

What happens at the stop codon?

Answer 6

Translation stops due to binding of release factor to site, and the polypeptide is released

Question 7

Initiation of protein synthesis requires what?

Answer 7

Translation initiation factors and special tRNA (Met)

Question 8

group of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule

Answer 8

polyribosome

Question 9

degrades short-lived and misfolded proteins

Answer 9

proteasome

Question 10

marks proteins for degradation in the proteasome

Answer 10

ubiquitin protein

Question 11

Proteins are always fully functional after translation (T or F)

Answer 11

False, some require modification like folding into 3D conformation