RNA in Translation Flashcards

1
Q

This form of tRNA only associates with the ribosome.

A

Peptidyl tRNA

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2
Q

This form of tRNA carries amino acids, bound to it’s 3’ end.

A

Aminoacyl tRNA

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3
Q

tRNA is a ________ __________ of RNA, folded into a _____ _______ _______.

A

Single Strand

Quasi Double Helix

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4
Q

At the end of the loop of the RNA strand are:

A

3 Bases called Anticodon

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5
Q

How many possible anticodons and different tRNA’s?

A

61 tRNA’s

64 Possible Antiocodons

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6
Q

How many Anticodons without a tRNA?

A

3

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7
Q

How many possible permeations of anticodon? 4(3) =

A

64

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8
Q

How do amino acids attach to tRNA?

A

Aminoacyl-RNA synthetase

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9
Q

Codon & Anticodon pairings are…

A

Specific & Complementary!

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10
Q

The Genetic Code is the most striking evidence that…

A

We all evolved from one common ancestor

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11
Q

Left side of Genetic Code?

A

First mRNA Base

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12
Q

Right Side?

A

Third mRNA base

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13
Q

Top?

A

Second mRNA base

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14
Q

AUG =

A

MET or Start! The only codon which carries MET

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15
Q

UAA
UGA
UAG

A

STOP SEQUENCE!

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16
Q

The genetic code is somewhat redundant in that…

A

3rd base is very flexible

17
Q

These are the facilitators for binding & where codon-anticodon interactions occur…

A

Ribosomes!

18
Q

The ribosomes also catalyze..

A

Peptide Bonds

19
Q

Two subunits of the ribosome?

A

Small Subunit

Large Subunit

20
Q

In large there are 3 binding sites for tRNA.

A

A - aminoacyl tRNA
P - peptidyl tRNA
E - empty tRNA’s
(From left to right EPA, they go from A>P>E)

21
Q

Translation begins when the small subunit…

A

Binds to the 5’ Cap

22
Q

Close to the 5’ cap will be the..

A

Start Codon AUG

23
Q

Start codon AUG’s anticodon?

24
Q

This refers to the start of a protein or polypeptide terminated by an amino acid with a free amine group

A

Amino Terminus

25
The large subunit will bind...
Aminoacyl-tRNA in P site
26
T/F This is the only time an aminoacyl-tRNA will be here -
TRUE - Then moves to P site and out
27
How can we establish the reading frame?
Start Codon, then every three bases from
28
When does the elongation start?
When new tRNA enters
29
Elongation is noted by the forming of a...
Peptide Bond, added to the carboxy terminal
30
The first tRNA passes it's amino acid to the:
A site, and then out. A->P, new one in A, pass from P, P out E, etc.
31
How does it make a specific amino acid?
Codon-Anticodon pairings
32
The ribosome shifts in the __' direction
3' direction, while mRNA is read 5'-3'
33
Termination happens when the.....
Stop Codon hits the A site
34
Following the stop codon the...
Release Factor enters & hydrolyzes bonds.
35
The hydrolyzing of the bonds releases the:
Peptide & Empty tRNA
36
As the ribosome moves downstream and the peptide becomes longer...
Another ribosome will hop on! Polyribosomes. Teamwork.
37
This process will continue until the tail is completely:
Eaten. Pac-Manned